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Oligosaccharide Assembly01:24

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Pharmacokinetics is a scientific discipline that focuses on the journey of a drug within the body, encompassing four key stages: absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination. The first stage, absorption, involves the drug's transfer into the bloodstream. Several factors dictate the extent and speed of this process. For example, the liver often metabolizes oral drugs before they reach systemic circulation, leading to only partial absorption. In contrast, intravenous (IV)...
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Related Experiment Video

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Hierarchical and Programmable One-Pot Oligosaccharide Synthesis
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Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS): An overview.

Muhammad Naveed1, Lucas Phil2, Muhammad Sohail3

  • 1Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
|February 2, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) exhibits diverse biomedical applications due to its unique properties. Further research is recommended to explore its anti-HIV effects and ensure safety.

Keywords:
BiotransformationChitinChitobioseChitosanChitotrioseDegree of deacetylationDegree of polymerizationMolecular weightN-glucosaminePattern of ionizationPhysicochemical and biological propertiesSafety and impurity profile

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) is a degradation product of chitosan/chitin.
  • COS possesses unique physicochemical properties, including low molecular weight and high water solubility.
  • Recent studies highlight COS's broad biomedical, pharmaceutical, and agricultural potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in COS biomedical applications.
  • To discuss the physicochemical properties and chemical composition of COS.
  • To evaluate the pharmacokinetic aspects and safety profile of COS.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent developments in COS research.
  • Analysis of physicochemical properties (Mw, DD, DP, solubility).
  • Discussion of biological activities and pharmacokinetic data.

Main Results:

  • COS demonstrates antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antihypertensive properties.
  • COS exhibits potential in treating diabetes, obesity, HIV-1, and Alzheimer's disease.
  • Its high cellular transduction and absorbability are attributed to cationic N-glucosamine units.

Conclusions:

  • COS offers significant potential across various biomedical fields.
  • Further investigation into COS's anti-HIV efficacy and safety with refined batches is warranted.
  • Understanding COS pharmacokinetics and safety is crucial for its therapeutic development.