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A Customizable Chamber for Measuring Cell Migration
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Exploring a new ammeter traceability route for ionisation chamber measurements.

S P Giblin1, G Lorusso1

  • 1National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, United Kingdom.

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|February 3, 2019
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Summary

A new integrating electrometer and a commercial ammeter showed similar noise performance for measuring low ionisation chamber currents. An unknown 460 ppm error was found in the electrometer, while excess noise likely came from the high voltage source.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Electrical Engineering
  • Metrology

Background:

  • Accurate measurement of low currents is crucial for applications like radionuclide calibration.
  • Traditional ammeters and integrating electrometers have different operational principles for current measurement.
  • Understanding the performance limitations of these instruments is essential for reliable scientific data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the performance of a commercial ammeter and a home-made integrating electrometer for measuring ionisation chamber currents below 100 picoamperes (pA).
  • To identify potential sources of error and noise in low-current measurement systems.
  • To assess the suitability of these instruments for high-accuracy metrology applications.

Main Methods:

  • A commercial ammeter and a custom-built integrating electrometer were used to measure ionisation chamber currents.
  • Both systems were calibrated using a high-accuracy reference current source (1 part per million accuracy).
  • Noise performance was evaluated for averaging times up to 1000 seconds.

Main Results:

  • The noise performance of both the ammeter and the integrating electrometer was found to be similar for averaging times less than 1000 s.
  • A significant error of 460 ppm was detected in the electrometer's indicated current, with its origin remaining unidentified.
  • The inherent noise in the ionisation chamber current exceeded the noise floor of both instruments, suggesting the high voltage source as a likely contributor to excess noise.

Conclusions:

  • While the integrating electrometer and ammeter exhibit comparable noise characteristics, the unidentified error in the electrometer warrants further investigation.
  • The dominant source of noise in this setup appears to be external to the current measuring instruments, likely stemming from the high voltage power supply.
  • These findings have implications for the design and application of low-current measurement systems in scientific research and metrology.