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The Microbiome in Celiac Disease.

Suneeta Krishnareddy1

  • 1Digestive and Liver Diseases, Columbia University, 180 Fort Washington, New York, NY 10032, USA.

Gastroenterology Clinics of North America
|February 4, 2019
PubMed
Summary

A healthy gut microbiome is crucial for immune development. Alterations, or dysbiosis, increase autoimmune risks like celiac disease, but causes and ideal treatments require further study.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Microbiome research
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • A healthy gut microbiome is essential for proper immune system development.
  • Microbial alterations (dysbiosis) post-critical window heighten autoimmunity risk, notably celiac disease.
  • Dysbiosis is observed in pediatric and adult celiac disease patients, yet causative factors remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the factors contributing to gut microbiome dysbiosis in autoimmunity.
  • To explore the role of genetics and other determinants in shaping the host microbiome.
  • To identify optimal microbiome-based therapeutic strategies for autoimmune conditions like celiac disease.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on microbiome composition in autoimmune diseases.
Keywords:
Celiac diseaseMicrobiomePrebioticsProbiotics

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  • Analysis of genetic and environmental factors influencing gut microbial communities.
  • Evaluation of current and potential microbiome replacement therapies.

    • Main Results:

    • The gut microbiome plays a vital role in immune homeostasis.
    • Dysbiosis is a significant risk factor for developing autoimmune conditions such as celiac disease.
    • While genetics influences the microbiome, other factors contributing to dysbiosis are not fully understood.

    Conclusions:

    • The gut microbiome is a critical factor in immune development and autoimmunity.
    • Further research is needed to identify the specific causes of dysbiosis in celiac disease.
    • Targeting the microbiome presents a promising therapeutic avenue, but ideal interventions require further investigation.