Emerging viruses in aquaculture

Area of Science:

• Aquatic animal health
• Aquaculture
• Disease emergence

Background:

• Aquaculture is the fastest-growing food production sector.
• Aquatic animals face shared viral challenges with wild populations.
• Global trade and aquaculture expansion facilitate virus spread.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight the continuous emergence of viral diseases in aquaculture.
• To identify factors contributing to viral disease outbreaks.
• To provide examples of emerging aquaculture viruses.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of emerging viral diseases in aquaculture.
• Analysis of factors influencing viral disease emergence.
• Compilation of case examples of significant aquaculture viruses.

Main Results:

• Aquaculture viral diseases emerge due to complex interactions.
• Factors include virus, host, environment, and human activities.
• Numerous viruses like IHNV, ISAV, and SHIV are impacting aquaculture.

Conclusions:

• Emerging viral diseases pose a significant threat to global aquaculture.
• Understanding contributing factors is crucial for disease management.
• Continuous monitoring and research are needed to mitigate impacts.