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Individual differences in syntactic processing: Is there evidence for reader-text interactions?

Ariel N James1, Scott H Fraundorf2, Eun-Kyung Lee3

  • 1University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Psychology, 603 East Daniel Street, Champaign, IL 61820.

Journal of Memory and Language
|February 5, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individual differences in syntactic processing are inconsistent, especially in real-time language tasks. Cognitive abilities and language experience correlate with offline syntactic measures, but not online reading times.

Keywords:
individual differencesreliabilityself-paced readingsentence comprehensionsyntax

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Debate exists regarding meaningful individual differences in syntactic processing.
  • Previous studies often lack multiple constructs, measures, or reliability tests, hindering consensus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate individual differences in syntactic processing.
  • To determine if language experience or cognitive abilities predict these differences.
  • To replicate key syntactic phenomena: verb statistics, relative clause extraction difficulty, and attachment ambiguity.

Main Methods:

  • Replication of three major syntactic phenomena.
  • Assessment of individual differences in relation to language experience and cognitive abilities (phonological ability, verbal working memory, inhibitory control, perceptual speed).
  • Distinction between online (reading time) and offline measures.

Main Results:

  • Correlations found between individual differences and offline syntactic measures.
  • No significant correlations observed between individual differences and online syntactic phenomena (reading times).
  • Inconsistent within-individual effects on reading time limited their correlational potential.

Conclusions:

  • Individual differences in syntactic processing are more evident in offline measures than in real-time processing.
  • Inconsistent online processing effects may contribute to the ongoing controversy surrounding individual differences in language processing.
  • Future research should consider the reliability of measures and the distinction between online and offline processing.