Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Reaction Mechanisms03:06

Reaction Mechanisms

30.7K
Chemical reactions often occur in a stepwise fashion, involving two or more distinct reactions taking place in a sequence. A balanced equation indicates the reacting species and the product species, but it reveals no details about how the reaction occurs at the molecular level. The reaction mechanism (or reaction path) provides details regarding the precise, step-by-step process by which a reaction occurs.
For instance, the decomposition of ozone appears to follow a mechanism with two steps:
30.7K
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)01:27

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)

1.2K
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
1.2K
Mechanical Protein Functions01:58

Mechanical Protein Functions

5.6K
Proteins perform many mechanical functions in a cell. These proteins can be classified into two general categories- proteins that generate mechanical forces and proteins that are subjected to mechanical forces. Proteins providing mechanical support to the structure of the cell, such as keratin, are subjected to mechanical force, whereas proteins involved in cell movement and transport of molecules across cell membranes, such as an ion pump, are examples of generating mechanical force. 
5.6K
Mechanism of Conjugation01:19

Mechanism of Conjugation

1.0K
Bacterial conjugation is a mechanism of horizontal gene transfer that enables the exchange of genetic material between bacterial cells through direct contact. This process is facilitated by a donor cell carrying a conjugative plasmid, which encodes genes necessary for pilus formation, DNA replication, and transfer. The conjugative plasmid plays a central role in initiating and executing the transfer of genetic material.The tra region of the conjugative plasmid encodes proteins responsible for...
1.0K
Mechanism of Angiogenesis01:10

Mechanism of Angiogenesis

6.8K
Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...
6.8K
An Introduction to Mechanics01:28

An Introduction to Mechanics

7.8K
Humans have been making ships, shelters, pyramids, weapons, agricultural equipment, and many more items without recording the process or theory behind them for centuries. It would be challenging to document the evolution of mechanics from its origin to the present.
According to records, the history of mechanics starts with Aristotle (384–322 BC). He related mechanics to physical theory, aiming for a universal synthesis.
Newton defined mechanics as the branch of physical science that...
7.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Spaghetti meat and gaping in broilers: emerging myopathies challenging poultry meat quality and processing.

Poultry science·2026
Same author

Impacts of Enrichment Type (Hut vs. Platform) on Chronic Stress and Anxiety in Six Fast- and Slow-Growing Broiler Strains.

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI·2026
Same author

A Decade of Evidence on Broiler Chicken Dead-on-Arrival Rates and Risk Factors: A Scoping Review.

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI·2026
Same author

Evaluation of MicroTally Mitts for Detecting Foodborne Pathogens During Broiler Processing.

Journal of food protection·2026
Same author

<i>In vitro</i> synergistic effects of peracetic acid and biocides approved for use in poultry meat processing against four serotypes of non-typhoidal <i>Salmonella enterica</i>.

Microbiology spectrum·2025
Same author

Antimicrobial resistance pattern in Campylobacter strains isolated from both no-antibiotics-ever (NAE) and conventional broiler complexes: Genotypic and phenotypic characterization.

Poultry science·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Simulating the Mechanics of Lens Accommodation via a Manual Lens Stretcher
05:14

Simulating the Mechanics of Lens Accommodation via a Manual Lens Stretcher

Published on: February 23, 2018

7.2K

Euthanasia: Manual versus Mechanical Cervical Dislocation for Broilers.

Leonie Jacobs1, Dianna V Bourassa2, Caitlin E Harris3,4

  • 1Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA. jacobsl@vt.edu.

Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI
|February 6, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Manual cervical dislocation (CD) is the recommended broiler euthanasia method, causing quicker brain death onset and less skin damage than the Koechner Euthanizing Device (KED). KED use resulted in higher rates of reflex return, indicating potential consciousness.

Keywords:
animal welfarebrain stem deathcervical dislocationcullingeuthanasiakillingpoultryreflexes

More Related Videos

Theoretical Calculation and Experimental Verification for Dislocation Reduction in Germanium Epitaxial Layers with Semicylindrical Voids on Silicon
06:57

Theoretical Calculation and Experimental Verification for Dislocation Reduction in Germanium Epitaxial Layers with Semicylindrical Voids on Silicon

Published on: July 17, 2020

2.7K
Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion in the Ovine Model
06:11

Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion in the Ovine Model

Published on: October 5, 2009

13.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Simulating the Mechanics of Lens Accommodation via a Manual Lens Stretcher
05:14

Simulating the Mechanics of Lens Accommodation via a Manual Lens Stretcher

Published on: February 23, 2018

7.2K
Theoretical Calculation and Experimental Verification for Dislocation Reduction in Germanium Epitaxial Layers with Semicylindrical Voids on Silicon
06:57

Theoretical Calculation and Experimental Verification for Dislocation Reduction in Germanium Epitaxial Layers with Semicylindrical Voids on Silicon

Published on: July 17, 2020

2.7K
Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion in the Ovine Model
06:11

Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion in the Ovine Model

Published on: October 5, 2009

13.3K

Area of Science:

  • Animal Welfare Science
  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Avian Health

Background:

  • Evaluating humane euthanasia methods is critical in poultry production.
  • Broiler welfare depends on rapid and effective methods to induce brain death.
  • Current methods require assessment for efficacy and minimization of suffering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the onset of brain stem death between manual cervical dislocation (CD) and the Koechner Euthanizing Device (KED).
  • To assess the impact of head extension (KED+) on euthanasia efficacy.
  • To evaluate associated indicators like reflex return, skin damage, and blood loss.

Main Methods:

  • Broilers of varying ages (36, 42, 43 days) were euthanized using CD, KED, or KED+ (KED with head extension).
  • Onset of brain death was determined by nictitating membrane reflex, gasping reflex, and movements.
  • Skull-to-atlas gap, skin damage, and blood loss were recorded.

Main Results:

  • CD resulted in a faster loss of reflexes and movements compared to KED and KED+.
  • Reflexes returned in 0–15% of CD birds versus 40–60% in KED/KED+ groups, suggesting potential consciousness.
  • Skin damage occurred in 0% of CD birds, compared to 68–95% for KED/KED+ methods.

Conclusions:

  • Manual cervical dislocation (CD) is more effective in achieving rapid brain death in broilers.
  • CD minimizes physical trauma and potential for regaining consciousness compared to KED.
  • CD is recommended as the preferred euthanasia method for broilers based on these findings.