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Evidence for Collective Nonlinear Interactions in X Ray into Ultraviolet Parametric Down-Conversion.

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We observed unusual x-ray down-conversion effects not explained by atomic models. Nonlinear interactions with plasmons offer a new explanation, enabling atomic-scale probing of collective phenomena in solids.

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Area of Science:

  • Solid-state physics
  • X-ray optics
  • Quantum optics

Background:

  • Parametric down-conversion (PDC) typically involves nonlinear optical processes.
  • Understanding x-ray PDC is crucial for advanced material characterization.
  • Existing models often focus on atomic or bond-level responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate nonmonotonic photon energy dependencies in x-ray to ultraviolet PDC.
  • Explain observed count rate and rocking curve anomalies.
  • Propose a new theoretical framework for x-ray PDC phenomena.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental observation of x-ray parametric down-conversion.
  • Analysis of photon count rates and rocking curves.
  • Theoretical modeling incorporating collective phenomena.

Main Results:

  • Observed peculiar nonmonotonic energy dependencies in x-ray PDC count rates and rocking curves.
  • Standard atomic and bond charge models failed to explain the data.
  • Discovered peaks in the energy spectrum attributed to nonlinear interactions with plasmons.

Conclusions:

  • Collective phenomena, specifically nonlinear interactions with plasmons, play a significant role in x-ray PDC.
  • The findings challenge existing models and highlight the limitations of purely atomic responses.
  • Nonlinear x-ray interactions offer a novel method for probing collective effects at the atomic scale in solids.