[Clinical polymorphism of splice site mutations in the ABCA4 gene]

ABCA4 is one of the main genes whose mutations are associated with various inherited retinal diseases (IRD) such as Stargardt disease, cone dystrophy, cone-rod dystrophy, and retinitis pigmentosa. The severity of retinal dystrophy phenotype may be related to the degree of mutation pathogenicity, which depends on the localization in various regulatory regions of the gene and the effect on the amino acid composition of the protein molecule. The article describes two clinical cases of patients with splice site mutations in the compound heterozygous state with missense mutations in the ABCA4 gene with various phenotypic manifestations, which demonstrate the importance of molecular genetic analysis in patients with IRD. Such analysis allows determination and accumulation of data on phenotype-genotype correlations that can help predict the disease course.