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Electrical current is defined as the rate at which charge flows. When there is a large current present, such as that used to run a refrigerator, a large amount of charge moves through the wire in a small amount of time. If the current is small, such as that used to operate a handheld calculator, a small amount of charge moves through the circuit over a long period of time. The SI unit for current is the ampere (A), named for the French physicist André-Marie Ampère (1775–1836).
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Assembly and Characterization of an External Driver for the Generation of Sub-Kilohertz Oscillatory Flow in Microchannels
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Co-current crossflow microfiltration in a microchannel.

Levy I Amar1, Michael I Hill2, Monica Faria2

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 500 West 120th street #811, New York, NY, 10027, USA. Lia2103@Columbia.edu.

Biomedical Microdevices
|February 7, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a method to maintain constant transmembrane pressure (TMP) during crossflow microfiltration (CMF). This optimization significantly enhances particle separation efficiency, particularly for deformable particles like erythrocytes.

Keywords:
BloodConstant transmembrane pressureCross-flowErythrocytesMicrofiltration modelMicrofluidicsMicrosieveNanoporesPlasmaSieve

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Separation Science
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Crossflow microfiltration (CMF) is crucial for particle separation in industrial and biomedical fields.
  • Transmembrane pressure (TMP) is a key factor influencing CMF performance.
  • High pressure gradients in microchannels can lead to suboptimal TMP and potential backflow.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate methods for achieving constant transmembrane pressure (cTMP) during CMF.
  • To optimize filtrate flux by maintaining an ideal TMP.
  • To mitigate the negative effects of feed-flow pressure gradients on filtration performance.

Main Methods:

  • Designed a filtrate collecting channel to facilitate co-current filtrate flow.
  • Implemented a system to compensate for feed-flow pressure drops.
  • Conducted experiments using erythrocyte suspensions to validate the concept.

Main Results:

  • The co-current filtrate flow design allows TMP to remain constant along the microchannel.
  • Achieved up to a twofold increase in filtration flux compared to conventional configurations.
  • Demonstrated prevention of backflow at the channel end.

Conclusions:

  • Maintaining cTMP through filtrate channel design optimizes microfiltration performance.
  • This approach is particularly effective for filtering deformable particles through low-resistance membranes.
  • The validated method offers significant improvements in particle separation and concentration processes.