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A Selective, Protein-Based Fluorescent Sensor with Picomolar Affinity for Rare Earth Elements.

Joseph A Mattocks1, Jackson V Ho1, Joseph A Cotruvo1

  • 1Department of Chemistry , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , Pennsylvania 16802 , United States.

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A new fluorescent sensor, LaMP1, detects rare earth elements (lanthanides) with high sensitivity. This tool reveals how bacteria transport these critical metals and aids in their environmental detection.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Environmental Science
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Rare earth elements (REEs) detection is crucial for mining and recycling.
  • Existing methods for lanthanide (Ln) detection lack sensitivity and speed.
  • Understanding Ln biological roles requires sensitive detection tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a genetically encoded fluorescent sensor for selective Ln detection.
  • To investigate the intracellular transport of Lns in Methylobacterium extorquens.
  • To explore potential Ln uptake systems in bacteria.

Main Methods:

  • Engineering a lanthanide-specific fluorescent sensor (LaMP1) based on lanmodulin.
  • Characterizing LaMP1's response to various metal ions.
  • Utilizing LaMP1 to study Ln transport in Methylobacterium extorquens.

Main Results:

  • LaMP1 exhibits high selectivity and sensitivity for all Ln(III) ions (apparent Kds of 10-50 pM).
  • Demonstrated selective transport of early Lns (La(III)-Nd(III)) into the cytosol of M. extorquens.
  • Provided evidence for a novel Ln(III) uptake system involving secreted chelators.

Conclusions:

  • LaMP1 is a powerful tool for sensitive and selective REE detection.
  • Revealed a surprising intracellular Ln transport mechanism in bacteria.
  • LaMP1 can advance REE analysis in environmental and industrial applications.