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Lanmodulin (LanM) protein efficiently separates rare earth elements (REEs). This study reveals a perfect cooperativity model explaining LanM

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Lanmodulin (LanM) is a protein used for rare earth element (REE) separation without organic solvents.
  • Understanding the thermodynamics of mixed REE binding to LanM is crucial for predicting separation efficiency.
  • Current knowledge lacks detailed insights into heterogeneous ion complexation by LanM.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a theoretical model for LanM-REE complexation, focusing on perfect cooperativity.
  • To quantitatively characterize LanM's binding of mixed REE pairs.
  • To enable accurate prediction of REE separation performance in complex mixtures.

Main Methods:

  • Application of the law of mass action to model LanM-REE binding.
  • Derivation of an equation explaining non-intuitive REE binding behavior.
  • Experimental validation using resin-immobilized LanM and heterogeneous ion pairs.

Main Results:

  • A theory of perfect cooperativity for LanM-REE complexation at high-affinity sites was established.
  • An equation was derived explaining variable separation factors based on ion ratios.
  • Homogeneous and heterogeneous binding constants were determined for accurate equilibrium prediction of up to 10 REEs.

Conclusions:

  • The perfect cooperativity model accurately describes REE complexation by LanM.
  • The model provides insights into how mixed binding affects REE separation based on lanthanide series position.
  • Results inform REE separation optimization and competition dynamics in other cooperative binding proteins.