Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 29, 2026
07:23
Detecting Virus and Salivary Proteins of a Leafhopper Vector in the Plant Host
Published on: September 14, 2021
2.7K
Pineapple bacilliform CO virus: Diversity, Detection, Distribution, and Transmission
D M Sether1, M J Melzer1, W B Borth1
1University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, Honolulu 96822-2232.
Plant Disease
|February 8, 2019
Summary
Pineapple bacilliform CO virus-HI1 (PBCOV-HI1), a badnavirus, was identified in Hawaiian pineapple, along with nine variants. This virus is transmitted by mealybugs and found in commercial pineapple hybrids.
Area of Science:
- Plant virology
- Molecular biology
- Genomics
Background:
- Badnaviruses infect dicots and monocots globally.
- Pineapple is a significant global crop.
- Understanding viral pathogens is crucial for agriculture.
Purpose of the Study:
- To isolate and characterize a novel pineapple badnavirus.
- To investigate endogenous viral elements in pineapple.
- To develop detection methods for pineapple viruses and related elements.
Main Methods:
- Genome sequencing of Pineapple bacilliform CO virus-HI1 (PBCOV-HI1) and its variants.
- Bioinformatic analysis to identify open reading frames (ORFs) and protein domains.
- Identification and characterization of endogenous pararetroviral sequences and Metaviridae-like retrotransposons.
- Development of specific detection assays.
- Mealybug transmission studies.
Main Results:
- The 7,451-nucleotide genome of PBCOV-HI1 was sequenced, revealing three ORFs.
- ORF3 encodes a polyprotein with movement protein, aspartyl proteinase, reverse transcriptase, and RNase H domains.
- Three groups of endogenous pineapple pararetroviruses and Ananas Metaviridae sequences were identified.
- Detection assays successfully differentiated PBCOV-HI1, its variants, and endogenous elements.
- PBCOV-HI1 incidence ranged from 34% to 68% in two pineapple hybrids.
- Gray pineapple mealybugs (Dysmicoccus neobrevipes) were confirmed as vectors for PBCOV-HI1 transmission.
Conclusions:
- PBCOV-HI1 is a distinct badnavirus infecting pineapple.
- Pineapple harbors complex endogenous viral sequences.
- Effective detection methods are crucial for managing pineapple viral diseases.
- Mealybug transmission poses a significant risk to pineapple cultivation.
Related Concept Videos
00:50What are Viruses?
128.1K
Overview
128.1K
01:30Diversity of Archaea I
615
Archaea, a domain of single-celled microorganisms, are classified into five major phyla based on genetic and biochemical characteristics: Euryarchaeota, Crenarchaeota, Thaumarchaeota, Korarchaeota, and Nanoarchaeota. Among these, the phylum Euryarchaeota is notable for its remarkable diversity in morphology, metabolism, and ecological adaptations.Morphological and Metabolic DiversityMembers of Euryarchaeota exhibit a variety of cellular shapes, including rods and cocci. Their metabolic pathways...
615
01:13Cell Diversity
5.0K
The concept of a cell started with microscopic observations of dead cork tissue by Robert Hooke in 1665. Hooke coined the term "cell" based on the resemblance of the small subdivisions in the cork to the rooms that monks inhabited, called cells. About ten years later, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek became the first person to observe the living and moving cells under a microscope. In the century that followed, the theory that cells represented the basic unit of life developed.
Multicellular...
Multicellular...
5.0K
01:24Diversity of Archaea II
511
Archaea, one of the three domains of life, exhibit remarkable diversity and adaptability, thriving in both extreme and moderate environments. Historically, most identified archaea have been classified into two major phyla: Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota. However, recent molecular studies have expanded this classification to include three additional phyla: Thaumarchaeota, Nanoarchaeota, and Korarchaeota, each exhibiting unique characteristics and ecological roles.Thaumarchaeota: Mesophiles...
511
01:15Diversity of Protists I
1.1K
Excavata is a diverse group of protists that includes both chemoorganotrophic and phototrophic species, with some thriving in anaerobic environments. Among the key groups within Excavata are diplomonads and parabasalids, which are flagellated protists that lack mitochondria and chloroplasts. These microorganisms typically inhabit anoxic environments, such as the intestines of animals, where they exist either symbiotically or as parasites, relying on fermentation for energy production. Some...
1.1K
01:27Diversity of Protists II
1.1K
Alveolates are a group of organisms recognized by the presence of alveoli, which are cytoplasmic sacs located beneath the cell membrane. While their function remains uncertain, alveoli may help regulate water balance by controlling how much water enters and leaves the cell. In dinoflagellates, these structures may serve as armor plates. There are three major types of alveolates: ciliates, which move using cilia; dinoflagellates, which use flagella for movement; and apicomplexans, which are...
1.1K