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First Report of Pepper mottle virus Infecting Tomato in Hawaii
M J Melzer1, J S Sugano1, D Cabanas1
1Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, University of Hawaii, Honolulu96822.
Plant Disease
|February 8, 2019
Summary
Pepper mottle virus (PepMoV) was identified in Hawaii tomato crops, causing unsaleable fruit despite asymptomatic foliage. This marks the first report of PepMoV in Hawaii and the U.S., posing a threat to tomato production.
Area of Science:
- Plant Pathology
- Virology
- Horticulture
Background:
- Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) crops in Hawaii exhibited fruit mottling symptoms.
- Initial diagnostics for Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and other tospoviruses were negative.
- Asymptomatic foliage contrasted with symptomatic fruit, suggesting an unknown pathogen.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify the causal agent of fruit mottling in Hawaiian tomato plants.
- To determine the incidence and impact of the identified virus on tomato cultivars.
- To report the first occurrence of this virus in Hawaii and the United States.
Main Methods:
- RNA isolation from symptomatic and asymptomatic plants, followed by reverse transcription.
- Universal potyvirus PCR assay to amplify viral genetic material.
- Sequencing of the amplified product, BLAST analysis, and PepMoV-specific DAS-ELISA for incidence assessment.
Main Results:
- A ~1,700-bp PCR product was amplified from symptomatic plants, sequencing revealed 97% identity to Pepper mottle virus (PepMoV).
- PepMoV incidence varied significantly among 14 tomato cultivars, ranging from 4.8% to 47.6%, with an overall incidence of 19.9%.
- Infected plants showed no noticeable growth impairment, but a majority of fruit was unsaleable.
Conclusions:
- Pepper mottle virus (PepMoV) is identified as the cause of fruit mottling in Hawaiian tomatoes.
- PepMoV represents a significant threat to tomato production in Hawaii due to fruit quality loss.
- This study reports the first detection of PepMoV in Hawaii and naturally infecting tomato in the United States.
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