Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Accelerators01:17

Accelerators

287
Accelerators in concrete serve as admixtures to speed up the hardening process, enabling the concrete to achieve early strength faster. Although accelerators do not necessarily impact the time it takes concrete to set, they reduce this time in practice. A common accelerator is calcium chloride, which is particularly useful for hastening early strength development in cold weather or for rapid repair jobs that require quick heat generation after mixing.
The effectiveness of calcium chloride can...
287
Contact Angle01:13

Contact Angle

19.2K
When a solid is dipped inside a liquid, the liquid surface becomes curved near the contact. For some solid–liquid interfaces, the liquid is pulled up along the solid, while for others, the liquid surface is convex or depressed near the solid surface. This phenomenon can be explained using the concept of cohesive and adhesive forces.
The adhesive force is the molecular force between molecules of different materials, that is, between the molecules of the solid and the liquid. The cohesive...
19.2K
What are Estimates?01:06

What are Estimates?

8.8K
It isn't easy to measure a parameter such as the mean height or the mean weight of a population. So, we draw samples from the population and calculate the mean height or mean weight of the individuals in the sample. This sample data acts as a representative measure of the population parameter. These sample statistics are known as estimates. 
The estimate for the mean of a sample is denoted by ͞x, whereas the mean of the population is designated as μ. Further, parameters such...
8.8K
Average Acceleration01:30

Average Acceleration

13.5K
The importance of understanding acceleration spans our day-to-day experiences, as well as the vast reaches of outer space and the tiny world of subatomic physics. In everyday conversation, to accelerate means to speed up. For instance, we are familiar with the acceleration of our car; the harder we apply our foot to the gas pedal, the faster we accelerate. The greater the acceleration, the greater the change in velocity over a given time. Acceleration is widely seen in experimental physics. In...
13.5K
Instantaneous Acceleration01:16

Instantaneous Acceleration

23.1K
Acceleration is in the direction of the change in velocity, but it is not always in the direction of motion. When an object slows down, its acceleration is opposite to the direction of its motion. Although commonly referred to as deceleration, this causes confusion in our analysis as deceleration is not a vector, and does not point to a specific direction with respect to a coordinate system. Therefore, the term deceleration is not used. For example, when a subway train slows down, it...
23.1K
Acceleration Vectors01:30

Acceleration Vectors

22.5K
In everyday conversation, accelerating means speeding up. Acceleration is a vector in the same direction as the change in velocity, Δv, therefore the greater the acceleration, the greater the change in velocity over a given time. Since velocity is a vector, it can change in magnitude, direction, or both. Thus acceleration is a change in speed or direction, or both. For example, if a runner traveling at 10 km/h due east slows to a stop, reverses direction, and continues their run at 10 km/h...
22.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Spatial variations in <sup>137</sup>Cs of soil and crop within a cultivated field in Fukushima, Japan.

Journal of environmental radioactivity·2026
Same author

Domain Adaptation With Additional Features via Label-Aware and Graph-Based Fused Gromov-Wasserstein Optimal Transport.

Neural computation·2026
Same author

Resolving Complex Multiscale Structure of Magneto- and Electroactive Polymer Composites With an Ionic Liquid.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same author

Tuning reentrant phase behavior of silica nanoparticles in polymer suspension via interplay of interactions.

Physical review. E·2026
Same author

Spin-Disorder-Induced Angular Anisotropy in Polarized Magnetic Neutron Scattering.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Association between Medical Avoidance Behavior and Lifestyle Changes during the Early Phase of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Emergency in Tokyo: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Gastric Cancer Screening Cohort.

JMA journal·2025
Same journal

Application of ephrin-B2 loaded glycol chitosan-silk fibroin hydrogel in the treatment of diabetic refractory wounds.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

International expert Delphi consensus on thromboprophylaxis in metabolic and bariatric surgery.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Assessing the cross-region knowledge transfer capability of selected deep learning building vectorization methods in the context of available training datasets.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Feasibility and preliminary effects of outdoor versus indoor cognitive-motor therapy in women with Alzheimer's disease: A randomized single-blind pilot study.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Hallmarks of social action in the vocal turn-taking of wild common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus).

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Role and mechanism of AOPPs-induced NOX4-mediated ferroptosis in intervertebral disc degeneration.

Scientific reports·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Contrast-Matching Detergent in Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Experiments for Membrane Protein Structural Analysis and Ab Initio Modeling
10:27

Contrast-Matching Detergent in Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Experiments for Membrane Protein Structural Analysis and Ab Initio Modeling

Published on: October 21, 2018

13.0K

Accelerating small-angle scattering experiments on anisotropic samples using kernel density estimation.

Kotaro Saito1, Masao Yano2, Hideitsu Hino3

  • 1Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, 5232, Switzerland. kotaro.saito@psi.ch.

Scientific Reports
|February 8, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Accelerating small-angle scattering experiments is possible using kernel density estimation (smoothing) on spatial data. This method significantly reduces measurement time for anisotropic samples while maintaining data quality.

More Related Videos

Structural Studies of Macromolecules in Solution using Small Angle X-Ray Scattering
07:19

Structural Studies of Macromolecules in Solution using Small Angle X-Ray Scattering

Published on: November 5, 2018

13.3K
An All-in-one Sample Holder for Macromolecular X-ray Crystallography with Minimal Background Scattering
07:55

An All-in-one Sample Holder for Macromolecular X-ray Crystallography with Minimal Background Scattering

Published on: July 6, 2019

13.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Contrast-Matching Detergent in Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Experiments for Membrane Protein Structural Analysis and Ab Initio Modeling
10:27

Contrast-Matching Detergent in Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Experiments for Membrane Protein Structural Analysis and Ab Initio Modeling

Published on: October 21, 2018

13.0K
Structural Studies of Macromolecules in Solution using Small Angle X-Ray Scattering
07:19

Structural Studies of Macromolecules in Solution using Small Angle X-Ray Scattering

Published on: November 5, 2018

13.3K
An All-in-one Sample Holder for Macromolecular X-ray Crystallography with Minimal Background Scattering
07:55

An All-in-one Sample Holder for Macromolecular X-ray Crystallography with Minimal Background Scattering

Published on: July 6, 2019

13.8K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Physics
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Small-angle scattering (SAS) experiments are crucial for characterizing materials at the nanoscale.
  • Current SAS methods can be time-consuming, especially for anisotropic samples.
  • Efficient data acquisition is vital for maximizing the use of experimental facilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a method for accelerating small-angle scattering experiments.
  • To assess the noise reduction capabilities of kernel density estimation (smoothing) in SAS data.
  • To improve data quality and reduce measurement time for anisotropic samples.

Main Methods:

  • Exploiting spatial correlation in two-dimensional SAS data.
  • Applying kernel density estimation (smoothing) to averaged short scans.
  • Evaluating noise reduction and statistical quality of smoothed data compared to traditional radial averaging.
  • Assessing measurement time reduction for obtaining sector averages.

Main Results:

  • Kernel density estimation (smoothing) effectively reduces noise in SAS data.
  • Smoothing can shorten measurement times by over 50% for anisotropic data while preserving statistical quality.
  • Radial averaging is sufficient for isotropic data, but smoothing offers benefits for anisotropic data.
  • On-site estimation of measurement time based on intensity variance is feasible.

Conclusions:

  • Kernel density estimation provides a viable method to accelerate small-angle scattering experiments, particularly for anisotropic materials.
  • This technique enhances data quality and reduces beamtime requirements, benefiting various research applications.
  • The findings encourage the use of smoothing to retain anisotropy in data, avoiding compromises for statistical quality.