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Urban scaling and the regional divide
Marc Keuschnigg1, Selcan Mutgan1, Peter Hedström1
1Institute for Analytical Sociology, Linköping University, Norra Grytsgatan 10, 601 74 Norrköping, Sweden.
Science Advances
|February 8, 2019
Summary
Urban growth is often attributed to social interactions, but new research shows this is only part of the story. Selective migration of talented individuals into big cities significantly drives superlinear scaling and benefits the already privileged.
Area of Science:
- Urban studies
- Sociology
- Economics
Background:
- Superlinear urban growth is often explained by increased social interactions in dense cities.
- Previous studies linked urban scaling to social connectivity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the extent to which social interactions explain urban scaling of wage income.
- To differentiate the effects of social interconnectivity from population composition in urban scaling.
Main Methods:
- Utilized geocoded microdata from Swedish population registers.
- Analyzed scaling relations of wage income, controlling for population composition effects.
- Examined micromechanisms underlying urban scaling.
Main Results:
- Confirmed aggregate-level urban scaling relations reported in previous studies.
- Found social interactions explain only about half of the wage income scaling parameter.
- Demonstrated that urban scaling significantly reflects sociodemographic composition differences.
Conclusions:
- The standard interpretation of urban scaling is incomplete.
- Selective migration of highly productive individuals into larger cities drives urban growth and scaling.
- Larger cities attract talent, disproportionately benefiting the already privileged through agglomeration effects.
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