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Rectus Extraocular Muscle Paths and Staphylomata in High Myopia
Yunping Li1, Qi Wei2, Alan Le1
1Stein Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
American Journal of Ophthalmology
|February 8, 2019
Summary
High myopia staphylomas correlate with extraocular muscle (EOM) displacement and superior rectus to lateral rectus (SR-LR) band ligament defects. These findings reveal structural changes in the myopic eye.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Medical Imaging
- Anatomy
Background:
- High myopia is associated with significant ocular changes.
- Staphyloma, a posterior scleral outpouching, is a known complication of high myopia.
- The precise relationship between staphyloma and extraocular muscle (EOM) behavior is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between staphyloma and the displacement of extraocular muscles (EOMs) in high myopia.
- To analyze the correlation between staphyloma location and EOM paths using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Main Methods:
- A retrospective case-control study involving highly myopic patients, healthy controls, and patients with sagging eye syndrome.
- Ocular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to assess aspect ratio (AR), staphyloma location, EOM paths, and the superior rectus to lateral rectus (SR-LR) band ligament status.
Main Results:
- Staphylomata were predominantly superotemporal and statistically associated with ocular asphericity (larger AR).
- Patients with staphyloma exhibited inferior displacement of the lateral rectus (LR) muscle, increased LR-globe angle, and greater SR-LR displacement angle.
- Ruptures of the SR-LR band ligament were significantly more frequent in highly myopic patients with staphyloma.
Conclusions:
- Local staphylomata in high myopia are linked to ocular asphericity and altered EOM pathways.
- Myopic staphylomata correlate with inferior LR displacement and defects in the LR-SR band ligament, indicating structural instability.
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