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    This study demonstrates an active terahertz modulator using plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) metasurfaces. Infrared light dynamically tunes the modulator

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Metamaterials
    • Terahertz Technology

    Background:

    • Plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) enables narrow-band resonant phenomena in metamaterials.
    • External stimuli can dynamically modulate PIT effects for advanced optical devices.
    • Controlling terahertz (THz) wave transmission is crucial for THz spectroscopy and imaging.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate an active multifunctional terahertz modulator.
    • To explore the modulation capabilities of a PIT metasurface using infrared light.
    • To analyze the tunability of amplitude and phase in the THz transmission spectra.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical investigation and experimental realization of a PIT metasurface.
    • Application of external infrared light to induce blue shifts in resonators.
    • Measurement of transmission spectra and tunability at varying optical powers.
    • Analysis using a coupled Lorentz oscillator model.

    Main Results:

    • A distinct transparency window was observed due to near-field coupling.
    • Infrared light induced a blue shift in resonators with increasing optical power.
    • Amplitude tunability of 34.01% was achieved at the transparency window.
    • Phase tunability of 31.35% was demonstrated at 0.98 THz with limited amplitude variation.
    • Experimental results showed good agreement with the coupled Lorentz oscillator model.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed PIT metasurface acts as an effective active terahertz modulator.
    • Infrared light provides a viable method for dynamic control of THz transmission.
    • The device exhibits significant amplitude and phase tunability for THz applications.