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Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Closure of a Patent Foramen Ovale PFO: An Intervention Sequence
Published on: December 23, 2022
Patent Foramen Ovale: Story Closed?
Martin Köhrmann1, Peter D Schellinger2, Georgios Tsivgoulis3,4
1Department of Neurology, Essen University Hospital, Essen, Germany.
Abstract:
The optimal treatment strategy for secondary prevention in patients with cryptogenic stroke and patent foramen ovale (PFO) has been a matter of controversy for decades. After three randomized trials failed to show a benefit of closure with an excess of complications in the interventional arm, two large recent trials suggest a benefit with regard of preventing further ischemic strokes. With this discrepancy in results it is important to discuss recent trials in detail and evolve an informed clinical approach for daily practice.
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