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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Estimating Sediment Denitrification Rates Using Cores and N2O Microsensors
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Effect of COD/N ratio on denitrification from nitrite.

Ahmed Badia1, Mingu Kim2, George Nakhla1,2

  • 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.

Water Environment Research : a Research Publication of the Water Environment Federation
|February 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Optimizing carbon sources for denitrification is key. Specific denitrification rates (SDNRs) depend on chemical oxygen demand (COD) to nitrogen (N) ratios, with peak performance at specific COD/N levels for both municipal wastewater and acetate.

Keywords:
COD/N ratioexternal carbon sourcemunicipal wastewaternitritepredenitrificationspecific denitrification rate

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Environmental Engineering
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Denitrification is crucial for removing nitrogen from wastewater.
  • Specific denitrification rates (SDNRs) are influenced by carbon source and its ratio to nitrogen.
  • Understanding optimal conditions maximizes treatment efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate dynamic specific denitrification rates (SDNRs) from nitrite using municipal wastewater (MWW).
  • To determine the impact of varying chemical oxygen demand (COD)/nitrogen (N) ratios on SDNRs.
  • To compare SDNRs using MWW with those using acetate as a carbon source.

Main Methods:

  • A sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was operated for 3 months with primary effluent and nitrite.
  • Influent characteristics (COD and N) varied significantly.
  • SDNRs were measured and compared with batch reactor results using acetate.

Main Results:

  • SDNRs were directly related to the COD/N ratio up to a certain point.
  • Maximum SDNRs were observed at COD/N ratios of 6 for MWW and 13 for acetate.
  • Biomass yield coefficients were 0.33 for MWW and 0.51 for acetate.

Conclusions:

  • The optimum carbon dose for denitrification should be determined using acclimatized biomass.
  • Each carbon source should be dosed optimally to maximize denitrification.
  • Relationships between SDNR, COD/N, and F/M ratios were established.