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Updated: Jan 29, 2026

A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
07:25

A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer

Published on: March 6, 2018

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Emerging therapeutics targeting castration-resistant prostate cancer: the AR-mageddon of tumor epithelial-mesenchymal

Lauren N Hendrix1, David A Hamilton1, Natasha Kyprianou2,3,4

  • 1a Division of Urology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA.

Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism
|February 10, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Advanced prostate cancer, particularly castration-resistant forms, poses a significant challenge. This review explores novel therapeutic strategies targeting the androgen receptor signaling axis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to combat metastatic disease.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Urology
  • Cancer Biology

Background:

  • Advanced prostate cancer, especially castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), is a leading cause of cancer death in men.
  • CRPC is characterized by resistance to traditional therapies and the inability to eradicate metastatic disease, presenting a major clinical challenge.
  • Multiple signaling pathways, including androgen receptor signaling and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), drive the progression of metastatic prostate cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of therapeutic resistance in castration-resistant prostate cancer.
  • To focus on the roles of the androgen receptor signaling axis and EMT in CRPC progression and resistance.
  • To discuss novel therapeutic approaches and ongoing clinical trials targeting these pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on castration-resistant prostate cancer.
  • Analysis of signaling pathways involved in prostate cancer metastasis and therapeutic resistance.
  • Discussion of novel therapeutic agents and clinical trial outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Therapeutic resistance in CRPC is complex, involving dysregulation of key signaling pathways.
  • The androgen receptor (AR) signaling axis remains central to CRPC, despite resistance mechanisms.
  • Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a critical role in the progression to advanced, metastatic, and castration-resistant disease.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the interplay between AR signaling and EMT is crucial for developing effective CRPC treatments.
  • Novel therapeutic strategies targeting critical components of both AR signaling and EMT pathways show promise.
  • Ongoing clinical trials are evaluating these novel approaches, offering hope for improved patient outcomes in advanced prostate cancer.
Keywords:
adrenoreceptor antagonistsandrogen receptorangiogenesisanoikiscastration resistanceepithelial–mesenchymal transitionmetastasisnovel therapeutic strategiesprostate cancer

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