Bubbles in water under stretch-induced cavitation
Sa Hoon Min1, Max L Berkowitz1
1Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
The Journal of Chemical Physics
|February 10, 2019
Summary
Creating bubbles in water under tension requires energy, dependent on the water's stress-strain behavior. Curvature-dependent surface tension is key for bubble stability, with analytical and simulation methods determining critical radii.
Area of Science:
- Thermodynamics
- Materials Science
- Computational Physics
Background:
- Finite samples of water under tension can form voids (bubbles).
- Understanding bubble formation and stability is crucial in various physical and chemical processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the work (Helmholtz free energy change) required for bubble creation in water under tension.
- To investigate the influence of stress-strain relationships and curvature-dependent surface tension on bubble stability.
- To predict critical and stable bubble radii.
Main Methods:
- Developed an analytical thermodynamic model for free energy change during bubble formation.
- Performed molecular dynamics simulations using the TIP4P/2005 water model.
- Utilized mean first-passage time calculations to determine critical bubble radii.
Main Results:
- The work of bubble creation depends on the material's stress-strain relationship.
- Curvature-dependent surface tension is essential for explaining bubble stability.
- Combined analytical and simulation results allowed determination of surface tension parameters and bubble radii.
Conclusions:
- The study provides a thermodynamic framework for understanding bubble nucleation in stressed water.
- Accurate prediction of bubble radii requires considering curvature-dependent surface tension.
- The findings are validated by both theoretical calculations and molecular simulations.
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