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Vibrios and Aeromonas.

S D Holmberg1

  • 1Epidemiology Branch, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia.

Infectious Disease Clinics of North America
|September 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vibrionaceae bacteria, common in warm coastal waters, cause various human illnesses, including gastroenteritis and wound infections. Early recognition and treatment, alongside fluid replacement, are key for managing these Vibrio infections.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Vibrionaceae are naturally found in marine, estuarine, and brackish environments, often increasing in warm waters.
  • Human illnesses caused by Vibrionaceae are frequently linked to warm summer months and consumption of raw shellfish.
  • Vibrio infections, particularly from V. vulnificus and non-O1 V. cholerae, pose significant health risks, especially for individuals with underlying conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the similarities and characteristics of Vibrionaceae causing human illness in the United States.
  • To discuss the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and clinical significance of various Vibrio species.
  • To highlight diagnostic and treatment approaches for Vibrionaceae infections.

Main Methods:

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  • Review of existing literature on Vibrionaceae epidemiology and pathogenesis.
  • Analysis of clinical case data and outbreak investigations.
  • In vitro susceptibility testing of common antimicrobial agents against Vibrionaceae.

    • Main Results:

    • Vibrionaceae are prevalent in Gulf of Mexico coastal waters and bloom in warm temperatures, leading to summer outbreaks.
    • V. vulnificus wound infections and gastroenteritis from other Vibrio species are more common and severe than cholera in the US.
    • Risk factors include consumption of raw shellfish, foreign travel, and underlying health conditions like liver disease or leukemia.

    Conclusions:

    • Vibrionaceae infections are a significant public health concern, particularly in coastal regions.
    • Effective management involves prompt diagnosis, appropriate antimicrobial therapy (e.g., tetracyclines), and supportive care with fluid and electrolyte replacement.
    • Enhanced surveillance and pathogen identification are crucial for better understanding and controlling Vibrio-related diseases.