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Insulin resistance: a key therapeutic target for cardiovascular risk reduction in obese patients?

Shakun Karki1, Doan Tm Ngo1, Sherman J Bigornia1

  • 1a Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.

Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism
|February 13, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Obesity and insulin resistance contribute to cardiovascular disease. Weight loss interventions may improve vascular function, especially in obese individuals with hyperinsulinemia, highlighting insulin sensitivity as a therapeutic target.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disease

Background:

  • The global obesity epidemic is a major health concern.
  • Insulin resistance is a key factor in obesity-related cardiometabolic diseases.
  • A link exists between insulin resistance and vascular dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the connection between insulin resistance and vascular dysfunction in obesity.
  • To examine the role of insulin sensitivity as a therapeutic target for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.
  • To present evidence that weight loss improves vascular function in obese individuals with hyperinsulinemia.

Main Methods:

  • Review of basic, animal, and clinical data.
  • Analysis of clinical studies on weight loss interventions.
  • Clinical perspective on hyperinsulinemia and vascular function.

Main Results:

  • Insulin resistance is linked to vascular dysfunction in obese individuals.
  • Improving insulin sensitivity may combat atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.
  • Obese individuals with hyperinsulinemia show greatest vascular function improvement with weight reduction.

Conclusions:

  • Insulin resistance is a critical factor in obesity-related cardiovascular risks.
  • Weight loss interventions show promise for improving vascular health in obese populations.
  • Targeting insulin sensitivity offers a potential therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular disease prevention.
Keywords:
bariatricendotheliuminsulin resistanceobesityweight loss

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