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Ears, heads, and eyes: When singers synchronise.

Caroline Palmer1, Frances Spidle1, Erik Koopmans1

  • 11 Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006)
|February 13, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Duet singers

Area of Science:

  • Music Performance
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Human Movement Science

Background:

  • Temporal coordination in music performance is influenced by internal biological rhythms and external cues.
  • Understanding how singers synchronize in duets, especially with varying visual and task demands, is crucial for performance science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interplay of endogenous rhythms, auditory and visual cues, and body movement in duet singers' temporal coordination.
  • To determine how different duet configurations (Unison, Round) and visual conditions (Inward, Outward) affect synchronization.

Main Methods:

  • Sixteen pairs of experienced vocalists performed a familiar melody in Solo and Duet conditions (Unison, Round Duet).
  • Performances were assessed under Inward (full visual cues) and Outward (reduced visual cues) conditions.
Keywords:
Temporal coordinationbody movementendogenous rhythmsgroup synchronisationmusic performance

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  • Tempo variability, synchrony, head movement, and gaze direction were analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • Greater tempo differences in solo singing correlated with increased asynchrony in duets.
    • Singers were more synchronous when facing their partner (Inward) than when facing away (Outward).
    • Round performances showed increased difficulty, evidenced by slower rates, more variable head movements, and head gaze aversion in Followers.

    Conclusions:

    • Individual tempo tendencies influence duet synchrony, aligning with oscillator coupling principles.
    • Visual cues and movement are integral to maintaining temporal coordination, especially under higher cognitive load.
    • Head movements in Followers serve as a timing mechanism, reflecting the challenges of maintaining synchrony in complex musical tasks.