Systemic inflammatory response syndrome in Sepsis-3: a retrospective study

Area of Science:

• Critical Care Medicine
• Infectious Diseases
• Clinical Research

Background:

• The Sepsis-3 definition characterizes sepsis as life-threatening organ dysfunction from a dysregulated host response to infection.
• The study evaluates the predictive validity of the Systematic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) criteria within the Sepsis-3 cohort.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the predictive accuracy of SIRS criteria versus SOFA criteria for in-hospital mortality in sepsis patients.
• To assess the utility of SIRS criteria in identifying sepsis severity and outcomes under the Sepsis-3 definition.

Main Methods:

• A cohort of 1243 patients was analyzed from electronic health records (January 1 to December 31, 2015).
• Patients were classified as SIRS-positive or SIRS-negative based on Sepsis-3 criteria.
• In-hospital mortality and predictive validity of SIRS versus SOFA criteria were compared.

Main Results:

• Of 631 enrolled patients, 538 (85.3%) were SIRS-positive with a 31.2% mortality rate, and 93 (14.7%) were SIRS-negative with a 21.5% mortality rate.
• SIRS criteria demonstrated lower predictive validity for in-hospital mortality (AUROC, 0.53) compared to SOFA criteria (AUROC, 0.70).
• The SIRS score showed poor predictive ability for in-hospital mortality risk.

Conclusions:

• The SIRS criteria exhibit weaker predictive efficacy for in-hospital death compared to the SOFA criteria in the context of the Sepsis-3 definition.
• SOFA criteria are more effective in predicting mortality in sepsis patients.
• This study highlights the limitations of SIRS criteria in modern sepsis management.