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Subcutaneous Infection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus MRSA
Published on: February 9, 2011
Absence of the mecC gene in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from various clinical samples: The
Aytekin Cikman1, Merve Aydin2, Baris Gulhan1
1Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Erzincan, Turkey.
Background:
mecA is a predefined gene causing methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) isolates; however, it has been shown that some methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains do not carry this gene. Recently, in isolates found to be MRSA-positive but mecA-negative, a new resistance gene called mecC, which is a homolog of mecA, has been reported. This study aimed to investigate the mecC and mecA genes in MRSA strains isolated from different geographic regions in Turkey.
Methods:
The sample of the study consisted of 494 MRSA strains isolated from seven geographical regions in Turkey between 2013 and 2016. The strains were obtained from 17 centers, comprising 13 university hospitals, three education and research hospitals, and one state hospital. Methicillin resistance in S. aureus strains was determined using the agar disk diffusion method with a cefoxitin disk and the agar dilution method with oxacillin. The mecC and mecA genes in MRSA strains was investigated by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).
Results:
Of the MRSA strains investigated, 47.9% were isolated from intensive care units. Concerning sample type, 36.7% were detected in the respiratory tract (tracheal aspirate, sputum, etc.), 24.8% in blood, 18.7% in skin and soft tissues, 9.3% in nasal swabs, 5.4% in urine, 4.1% in ears, and 1% in sterile body fluid. Using PCR, mecC was not identified in any of the S. aureus strains isolated from different clinical microbiology laboratories. mecA gene positivity was found in 315 of the MRSA strains (63.8%). Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec) type was identified in 232 strains (46.9%), of which 136 (58.7%) were type II, 75 (32.4%) were type IV, 12 (5.1%) were type IIIb, six (2.5%) were type I, and three (1.3%) were type III.
Conclusion:
This is the first multi-centered study to investigate MRSA strains isolated from different regions in Turkey. The mecC gene was not detected in any of the MRSA strains. We believe that this study will constitute an important basis for monitoring possible future changes.
Insights
The mecC gene was not detected in any Turkish methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains. This study confirms mecA gene prevalence in MRSA, providing a baseline for future surveillance of antibiotic resistance.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Genetics
Background:
- Methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is primarily mediated by the mecA gene.
- A recently identified homolog, the mecC gene, has been reported in some mecA-negative MRSA strains.
- The prevalence of mecC in MRSA strains across different regions of Turkey remains largely uncharacterized.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the presence and prevalence of both mecC and mecA genes in MRSA strains isolated from diverse geographical regions in Turkey.
- To establish a baseline for understanding the genetic basis of methicillin resistance in Turkish MRSA isolates.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 494 MRSA strains collected from 17 centers across seven Turkish regions between 2013 and 2016.
- Determination of methicillin resistance using cefoxitin disk diffusion and oxacillin agar dilution methods.
- Detection of mecC and mecA genes via Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).
Main Results:
- The mecC gene was not detected in any of the analyzed MRSA strains.
- The mecA gene was present in 63.8% of the MRSA strains.
- Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing revealed a predominance of type II (58.7%) and type IV (32.4%) among the characterized strains.
Conclusions:
- This multi-centered study is the first to comprehensively screen Turkish MRSA strains for the mecC gene.
- The absence of mecC suggests it is not a significant contributor to methicillin resistance in the studied Turkish MRSA population.
- The findings underscore the continued importance of the mecA gene in MRSA and provide crucial data for ongoing surveillance of antibiotic resistance in Turkey.
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