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Sex determination from tooth pulp deoxyribonucleic acid using polymerase chain reaction
Ruchi Kishor Pawar1, Chandramani B More1
1Department of Oral Medicine and Maxillofacial Radiology, K. M. Shah Dental College and Hospital, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
Journal of Forensic Dental Sciences
|February 13, 2019
Summary
Dental pulp DNA reliably determines sex in various environments, offering a crucial tool for identifying unknown remains after disasters. This method is effective in humid or dry conditions but fails with extreme heat exposure.
Area of Science:
- Forensic Odontology
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Personal identification of unknown human remains is challenging, especially after disasters.
- Dental pulp DNA analysis offers a viable method for identification.
- Forensic science increasingly relies on DNA for individual identification.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine sex from tooth pulp tissues using DNA analysis.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of DNA analysis under diverse environmental conditions.
- To assess the reliability of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification for sex determination from dental pulp.
Main Methods:
- Human extracted teeth were subjected to various environmental conditions (heat, soil, open air).
- DNA was extracted, quantified, and amplified from teeth exposed to different conditions and fresh teeth.
- Male and female primers were used for DNA amplification and sex determination.
Main Results:
- DNA yield ranged from 5.21 to 62.87 ng/μl.
- Sex determination accuracy from pulp DNA was 92%–100%, except in cases of complete pulp incineration due to uncontrolled heat.
- Statistical analysis showed highly significant intergroup differences (P < 0.001).
Conclusions:
- Dental pulp is a reliable source for sex determination in humid and dry environments.
- Environmental factors significantly impact the success of DNA extraction and sex determination from dental pulp.
- Uncontrolled heat exposure can completely destroy pulp tissue, rendering sex determination impossible.
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