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Field Postmortem Rabies Rapid Immunochromatographic Diagnostic Test for Resource-Limited Settings with Further Molecular Applications
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Diagnostic tests for human rabies.

L Dacheux, H Bourhy

    Revue Scientifique Et Technique (International Office of Epizootics)
    |February 13, 2019
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Accurate human rabies diagnosis is crucial for disease assessment. New molecular techniques enable early detection using minimally invasive samples, improving global health surveillance.

    Keywords:
    Biological diagnosisHuman rabiesIntra-vitamPost-mortemRT-PCRRabies antibodiesSalivaSkin biopsyViral RNAViral antigen

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    Area of Science:

    • Medical Diagnostics
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Reliable data on human rabies deaths is lacking, leading to underestimation and neglect of the disease.
    • Clinical diagnosis of human rabies is difficult and lacks specificity.
    • Traditional post-mortem diagnosis using immunofluorescence is invasive.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To highlight the need for improved human rabies diagnostic tests.
    • To discuss advancements in intra-vitam diagnosis of human rabies.
    • To address challenges in implementing these diagnostic techniques globally.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of historical and modern diagnostic techniques for human rabies.
    • Evaluation of minimally invasive (saliva, skin biopsies) and non-invasive sampling methods.
    • Discussion of molecular techniques and their validation.

    Main Results:

    • Intra-vitam diagnosis of human rabies is now possible with validated, robust techniques.
    • New methods allow for diagnosis using less-invasive samples, suitable for resource-limited settings.
    • Progress has been made in molecular techniques and sampling.

    Conclusions:

    • Establishing reliable diagnostic tests is a priority for accurate rabies assessment.
    • Accessible, validated techniques are essential for confirming suspected human rabies cases, especially in low-income countries.
    • Development of rapid, low-cost methods for rural and remote areas is necessary.