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Acute rhinosinusitis among pediatric patients with allergic rhinitis: A nationwide, population-based cohort study

Shi-Wei Lin1, Sheng-Kai Wang1, Ming-Chi Lu2,3

  • 1Division of Pediatrics, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Dalin, Chiayi, Taiwan.

Plos One
|February 13, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric patients with allergic rhinitis have a significantly higher risk of developing acute rhinosinusitis. This nationwide study highlights the importance of managing allergic rhinitis to prevent secondary infections like acute rhinosinusitis.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Allergic rhinitis is common, and while its link to chronic rhinosinusitis is known, its association with acute rhinosinusitis in children is less clear.
  • Understanding this relationship is crucial for pediatric respiratory health management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the risk of developing acute rhinosinusitis in pediatric patients diagnosed with allergic rhinitis.
  • Utilized a nationwide, population-based health claims database for comprehensive analysis.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of newly diagnosed pediatric allergic rhinitis patients (ages 5-18) was identified from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database.
  • A matched comparison cohort was created, and both groups were followed for incident acute rhinosinusitis diagnoses.
  • Cox proportional hazards models were employed to assess the association.

Main Results:

  • The study included 43,588 pediatric patients, with 55.4% males and 43.9% aged 5.0-7.9 years.
  • Pediatric patients with allergic rhinitis exhibited a significantly elevated risk of acute rhinosinusitis (adjusted hazard ratio = 3.03).
  • The association remained consistent across both male and female pediatric patients.

Conclusions:

  • Allergic rhinitis is a significant risk factor for acute rhinosinusitis in the pediatric population.
  • Findings underscore the need for proactive management of allergic rhinitis to mitigate the risk of acute rhinosinusitis.
  • This population-based study provides strong evidence for the link between allergic rhinitis and acute rhinosinusitis in children.
Abstract

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