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Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Agrobacterium-Mediated Immature Embryo Transformation of Recalcitrant Maize Inbred Lines Using Morphogenic Genes
Published on: February 14, 2020
Whisker-mediated transformation of embryogenic callus of maize
J F Petolino1, N L Hopkins1, B D Kosegi1
1Plant Transformation and Gene Expression, Dow AgroSciences LLC, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA e-mail: jfpetolino@dowagro.com Fax: +317-3375417, , , , , , IN.
Abstract:
The present study was designed to establish embryogenic callus as a target tissue for whisker-mediated transformation of maize (Zea mays L.). Silicon carbide whiskers were used to deliver the bar and uidA (GUS) genes into embryogenic maize callus. Samples of osmotically-treated Type II callus were vigorously agitated in the presence of whiskers and plasmid DNA using a standard laboratory vortex or a modified dental amalgamator. On average, three transgenic callus lines were obtained per 100 samples treated. Plants were regenerated from several GUS-expressing callus lines and DNA analyses confirmed stable integration and inheritance. As with other direct DNA delivery methods involving embryogenic maize callus, integration patterns of the inserted DNA appeared to be complex. Although currently less efficient than microparticle bombardment on a per target basis, whisker-mediated transformation of embryogenic callus represents a viable method for transgenic maize production.
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