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Non-traumatic Hematomyelia: A Rare Finding in Clinical Practice.

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Non-traumatic haematomyelia, a rare spinal cord condition, can result from arteriovenous malformations (AVM). Prompt diagnosis via MRI and angiography, followed by embolization, successfully treated a patient with this AVM.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Vascular Surgery

Background:

  • Non-traumatic haematomyelia is a rare condition characterized by acute spinal cord bleeding.
  • Common causes include arteriovenous malformations (AVM), tumors, coagulation disorders, autoimmune conditions, anticoagulants, and radiotherapy.
  • Spinal AVMs, though uncommon, represent a significant cause of non-traumatic haematomyelia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a case of non-traumatic haematomyelia secondary to spinal arteriovenous malformation (AVM).
  • To highlight the diagnostic process and successful treatment of spinal AVM.

Main Methods:

  • A 58-year-old female patient presented with acute cervical pain and neurological deficits.
  • Cervico-dorsal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and angiography were performed for diagnosis.
  • Treatment involved embolization to isolate the identified AVM.

Main Results:

  • Diagnosis confirmed AVM at the C7 and D1 spinal levels.
  • Embolization resulted in the immediate isolation of the AVM.
  • The case demonstrates a successful intervention for a rare neurological condition.

Conclusions:

  • Central nervous system lesions, including subarachnoid hemorrhage, can occur in the spine.
  • Non-traumatic haematomyelia, while rare, necessitates prompt diagnosis and management.
  • Spinal AVMs are a treatable cause of non-traumatic haematomyelia, with embolization being an effective therapeutic option.