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The group Stramenopiles include some phototrophic microorganisms. Members of this group possess flagella covered in numerous short, hairlike extensions, a feature that inspired the group's name, derived from the Latin words for "straw" and "hair." Some of the main categories of Stramenopiles include diatoms, golden algae, and brown algae.Diatoms are unicellular, photosynthetic eukaryotes, with over 200 known genera. They play a key role in the planktonic communities of both marine and...
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Seagrass can mitigate negative ocean acidification effects on calcifying algae.

Ellie Bergstrom1,2, João Silva3, Cíntia Martins4

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Seagrass presence boosts calcifying algae calcification rates under ocean acidification. This interaction enhances Halimeda cuneata resilience to changing ocean conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Oceanography
  • Climate Change Science

Background:

  • Ocean acidification (OA) and warming pose uncertain threats to calcifying algae physiology.
  • Interactions between species and local environmental factors significantly influence organismal responses to OA.
  • The role of metabolic interactions in modifying seawater chemistry and OA effects remains understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the physiological responses of Halimeda cuneata (calcifying alga) and Halodule wrightii (seagrass) to manipulated CO2 and temperature.
  • To determine if the presence of seagrass influences the calcification rate of Halimeda cuneata under OA and warming conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental manipulation of CO2 and temperature in shallow tropical marine coastal ecosystems.
  • Comparative analysis of physiological responses, focusing on calcification rates of Halimeda cuneata.
  • Assessment of the influence of Halodule wrightii presence on Halimeda cuneata under simulated OA and warming.

Main Results:

  • Elevated CO2 levels significantly increased the calcification rate of Halimeda cuneata by over two-fold when coexisting with Halodule wrightii.
  • High photosynthetic rates of Halodule wrightii were found to enhance Halimeda cuneata calcification.
  • Halimeda cuneata populations associated with Halodule wrightii exhibited increased resilience to OA conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Metabolic interactions between seagrasses and calcifying algae can enhance calcification rates and resilience to ocean acidification.
  • In shallow marine environments, interspecies metabolic interactions are crucial for providing refuge against OA effects.
  • This study highlights the importance of considering species interactions in predicting the resilience of marine ecosystems to climate change.