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Luiz A M M Nobrega1, George V R Xavier2, Marcus V D Aquino3

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A new bio-inspired UHF sensor effectively detects partial discharge in power transformers. This novel sensor, shaped like a Jatropha mollissima leaf, offers robust protection and reliable performance for critical infrastructure monitoring.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Biomimetic Design
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Partial discharge (PD) in power transformers is a critical indicator of insulation degradation.
  • Existing PD detection methods may have limitations in sensitivity or external applicability.
  • There is a need for robust, externally mountable sensors for continuous PD monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and develop a bio-inspired Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) sensor for external partial discharge detection in power transformers.
  • To investigate the protective and mechanical properties of the sensor's enclosure.
  • To validate the sensor's performance against the IEC 60270 standard.

Main Methods:

  • A microstrip antenna was designed with a radiating element inspired by the Jatropha mollissima leaf.
  • An epoxy coating and aluminum enclosure were developed for environmental and mechanical protection.
  • Electrical parameters (gain, reflection coefficient) were measured in an anechoic chamber.
  • Sensitivity was tested against the IEC 60270 standard using a partial discharge generator.

Main Results:

  • The developed UHF sensor demonstrated effective detection of partial discharge signals.
  • The sensor successfully identified PD signals with apparent charge values exceeding 35 pC.
  • Electrical parameters were verified, confirming sensor functionality.

Conclusions:

  • The bio-inspired UHF sensor is a viable solution for external partial discharge detection in power transformers.
  • The sensor's design provides adequate protection and mechanical stability for operational environments.
  • The developed sensor shows promising sensitivity for monitoring PD activity.