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Immunization coverage and factors associated with incomplete vaccination in children aged 12 to 59 months in health
Wendpouiré I C Zida-Compaore1,2, Didier K Ekouevi3,4,5, Fifonsi A Gbeasor-Komlanvi2
1Département de Santé Publique, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Lomé, Lomé, Togo.
Insights
In Lomé, Togo, only 69.3% of children had complete immunization coverage. Key barriers to childhood immunization included cost and missed appointments, highlighting areas for public health improvement.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Pediatrics
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Childhood immunization is crucial for preventing infectious diseases.
- Assessing immunization coverage in urban health facilities provides insights into public health program effectiveness.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the immunization coverage rates among children attending health facilities in Lomé, Togo.
- To identify factors associated with incomplete immunization and perceived obstacles.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 797 child-respondent pairs admitted for consultation or hospitalization.
- Data collected included immunization status, demographic factors, and reasons for non-vaccination.
Main Results:
- Complete immunization coverage was found to be 69.3%.
- Factors significantly associated with incomplete immunization included lack of immunization cards, respondent's sex, education, marital status, and health facility level.
- Primary obstacles reported were cost of immunization services (38.4%) and appointment forgetfulness (28.1%).
Conclusions:
- Immunization coverage in Lomé's health facilities is suboptimal, with significant disparities linked to socioeconomic and demographic factors.
- Addressing financial barriers and improving appointment recall systems are essential for enhancing childhood vaccination rates.
Objective:
To estimate the immunization coverage among children admitted for consultation or hospitalization in health structures of Lomé.
Results:
A total of 797 respondent-child couples were included and 31.1% of them had their immunization cards. Complete immunization coverage was 69.3%, 95% confidence interval (65.9-72.5) and per antigen, it ranged from 83.1% for measles to 95.7% for BCG. Factors associated with incomplete immunization were the absence of immunization card (p < 0.001), respondents' sex (p < 0.001), level of education (p < 0.001), marital status (p < 0.001) and the level of the health structure in the organization of the Togolese health system (p < 0.001). Obstacles to immunization were mainly the lack of money to pay for immunization fees (38.4%) and forgetting the immunization appointment (28.1%).
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