Comprehensive dynamic transcriptome analysis at two seed germination stages in maize (Zea mays L.)

Area of Science:

• Plant Biology
• Genomics
• Agricultural Science

Background:

• Seed germination is a critical stage in maize (Zea mays) production, impacting yield and grain quality.
• The precise molecular mechanisms governing maize seed germination are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

• To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying seed germination in maize.
• To compare transcriptional changes between two maize inbred lines (Yu82 and Yu537A) during germination.

Main Methods:

• Comparative transcriptome analysis of two maize inbred lines at two distinct germination stages.
• Identification and analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs).
• KEGG enrichment analysis of prominent DEGs.

Main Results:

• Identified 3381 and 4560 DEGs in Yu82 and Yu537A, respectively.
• Detected transcription factors from families like bZIP, ERF, WRKY, MYB, and bHLH.
• KEGG analysis highlighted pathways related to plant hormones (gibberellins, abscisic acid, auxin), amino acid metabolism, nutrient reservoirs, and ribosomes.
• Higher expression of amino acid metabolism genes in Yu82 suggests a role in early germination energy supply.

Conclusions:

• Plant hormone signaling, particularly gibberellins, abscisic acid, and auxin, plays a significant role in early maize seed germination.
• Amino acid metabolism contributes to energy supply, facilitating early germination in maize.
• Provides novel insights into the transcriptional regulation and gene interactions during maize seed germination.