Effect of forward head posture on thoracic shape and respiratory function

Area of Science:

• Biomechanics
• Respiratory Physiology
• Anatomy

Background:

• Forward head posture (FHP) is increasingly prevalent due to modern lifestyles.
• Understanding FHP's impact on thoracic mechanics is crucial for respiratory health.
• Previous research has explored FHP's effects on the cervical spine and shoulders, but thoracic changes require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the impact of forward head posture on upper and lower thoracic shape.
• To determine the relationship between forward head posture and respiratory function.
• To elucidate the morphological changes in the thorax associated with forward head posture.

Main Methods:

• Fifteen healthy males participated in the study.
• Respiratory function was measured using spirometry in neutral and forward head postures.
• Thoracic shape was assessed using 23 markers on the upper and lower thorax during respiration in both postures.

Main Results:

• Respiratory parameters including forced vital capacity and peak flow rate were significantly lower in the forward head posture.
• The upper thorax exhibited a greater forward shift, while the lower thorax showed a greater forward and inward shift with FHP.
• Lower thoracic mobility during respiration was significantly reduced in the forward head posture compared to the neutral posture.

Conclusions:

• Forward head posture leads to upper thoracic expansion and lower thoracic contraction.
• These thoracic morphological changes are directly linked to decreased respiratory function.
• The findings highlight the importance of posture in maintaining optimal respiratory mechanics.