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Related Concept Videos

Classification of Illness01:17

Classification of Illness

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The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe...
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Factors Affecting Illness01:18

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When a person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social development or spiritual functioning is compromised, this deviation from a healthy normal state is called illness. Illness creates stress that in turn harms individuals. Irritation, anger, denial, hopelessness, and fear are behavioral and emotional changes an individual experiences in the phases of illness. A variety of factors influence a person's health and well-being.
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Concepts of Health and Illness01:29

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Health is a condition of the body, mind, and spirit where an individual remains free from illness. Similarly, wellness is an active state, including living a lifestyle that promotes physical, mental, and emotional health. Physical health is critical for the overall well-being and can be affected by lifestyle, activity level, diet, and behavior. The highest attainable standard of health is a fundamental and universal human right. Consider Lisa, a fifteen-year-old born with congenital...
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Dimensions of Health and Illness01:21

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The factors influencing the health-illness continuum can be internal or external and may or may not be under conscious control. They are related to the following eight human dimensions, and each dimension is interrelated to one other.
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Critical Region, Critical Values and Significance Level01:16

Critical Region, Critical Values and Significance Level

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The critical region, critical value, and significance level are interdependent concepts crucial in hypothesis testing.
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Critical Values01:31

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A critical value is a definite value obtained from a particular probability distribution at a predecided confidence level (or a predecided significance level) for a given population parameter. The critical value provides demarcation that separates the sample statistics that are likely to occur from the ones that are unlikely to occur based on the given probability distribution and the population parameter to be estimated. The critical value for normal distribution is obtained from the z...
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Glycemic control during critical illness.

Jean-Charles Preiser1

  • 1a Department of Intensive Care, Erasme University Hospital, 808 Route de Lennik, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium. jean-charles.preiser@erasme.ulb.ac.be.

Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism
|February 21, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Intensive care unit blood glucose control shows mixed survival results. Further research into glucose regulation, patient variability, and monitoring is needed for safe and effective patient management.

Keywords:
critically illglucose controlglycemic variabilityhypoglycemiainsulinintensive care unitnursing workloadstress hyperglycemia

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Area of Science:

  • Critical care medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic regulation

Background:

  • Early studies suggested tight glycemic control in intensive care units (ICUs) improved survival.
  • Subsequent trials failed to replicate these findings, creating a discrepancy in the evidence.
  • Understanding the complex physiology and pathophysiology of blood glucose regulation is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the reasons behind the conflicting results of tight glucose control in ICUs.
  • To highlight the need for a better understanding of blood glucose regulation.
  • To identify key areas for future research in glycemic management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing clinical trials on intensive glucose control in ICUs.
  • Analysis of potential confounding factors contributing to study discrepancies.
  • Discussion of physiological and pathophysiological aspects of glucose homeostasis.

Main Results:

  • One study indicated improved survival with tight glucose control, while seven others did not confirm this.
  • Potential reasons for discrepancies include patient case-mix, risk of hypoglycemia, and glucose variability.
  • Optimal blood glucose levels may differ across patient populations.

Conclusions:

  • The optimal strategy for blood glucose control in ICUs remains uncertain.
  • Further research is required to define optimal blood glucose targets.
  • Advancements in continuous glucose monitoring, insulin algorithms, and closed-loop systems are essential for safe and effective glycemic management.