First Report of Beet virus Q on Sugar Beet in Poland

The objective of this work was to determine whether Beet virus Q (BVQ), a member of the genus Pomovirus, is present in Poland. BVQ, like Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV), is transmitted by Polymyxa betae Keskin. Earlier, BVQ was described as the Wierthe serotype of Beet soilborne virus (BSBV). Now, on the basis of its genomic properties (2), BVQ is recognized as a distinct virus species. BVQ is often found in fields where BSBV and BNYVV are present (4). During the fall of 2005, five plants of a cultivar susceptible to rhizomania (cv. Alyssa) and five resistant to rhizomania (cv. Henrietta) were collected from a field in the Wielkopolska Region of Poland, where BSBV and BNYVV had been previously identified, and tested for BVQ (1). All samples were analyzed by a double antibody sandwich-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) with antiserum against BNYVV (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA). Rhizomania was identified only in sugar beet samples of the susceptible variety. The same samples were then tested using a triple antibody sandwich (TAS)-ELISA with commercial antisera against BSBV/BVQ (As-0576.2) and BSBV (As-0576.1) (DSMZ, Braunschweig, Germany). Nine sugar beet plants gave positive reactions with antiserum against BSBV/BVQ and negative reactions with antiserum specific to BSBV. Total RNA extracted from roots of 10 beet samples was then tested using a multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (mRT-PCR) and specific primers designed to amplify a fragment of the RNA2 for BNYVV and BVQ (3). The primers specifically amplified fragments of 545 bp and 291 bp of the BNYVV and BVQ, respectively. BNYVV was detected in all five samples from susceptible sugar beet plants. The presence of BVQ was confirmed in nine of the sugar beer plants, and the RT-PCR products were sequenced. Sequence analysis of the 206-nt amplicon sequence of the Polish isolate of BVQ (GenBank Accession No. DQ309444) indicated 97% nucleotide and 94% amino acid sequence identity with the previously published sequence of BVQ (GenBank Accession No. AJ223596) (2). To my knowledge, this is the first report of the natural occurrence of BVQ on sugar beet in Poland. In Europe, it has been previously reported in Belgium, Bulgaria, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, and Sweden (3,4). References: (1) N. Borodynko et al. Plant Dis. 90:112, 2006. (2) R. Koenig et al. J. Gen. Virol. 79:2027, 1998. (3) A. Meunier et al. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69:2356, 2003. (4) C. Rubies Autonell et al. Plant Dis. 90:110, 2006.