Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Isolation and Propagation of Circulating Tumor Cells from a Mouse Cancer Model
05:22

Isolation and Propagation of Circulating Tumor Cells from a Mouse Cancer Model

Published on: October 9, 2015

12.6K

Pertactin-deficient Bordetella pertussis isolates: evidence of increased circulation in Europe, 1998 to 2015

Alex-Mikael Barkoff1, Jussi Mertsola2, Denis Pierard3

  • 1Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.

Euro Surveillance : Bulletin Europeen Sur Les Maladies Transmissibles = European Communicable Disease Bulletin
|February 21, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Pertussis outbreaks are linked to pertactin (PRN)-deficient Bordetella pertussis strains. Longer use of acellular pertussis vaccines (ACVs) containing PRN correlates with a higher frequency of these deficient strains in Europe.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Vaccinology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Pertussis outbreaks have been observed in industrialized nations utilizing acellular pertussis vaccines (ACVs).
  • A high prevalence of pertactin (PRN)-deficient Bordetella pertussis isolates has been noted in these countries, raising concerns about vaccine effectiveness and bacterial evolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the increasing proportion of PRN-deficient Bordetella pertussis strains in Europe over time.
  • To determine if the frequency of PRN-deficient strains correlates with the duration of acellular pertussis vaccine (ACV) use in different countries.
  • To assess the prevalence of isolates deficient in other vaccine components, such as pertussis toxin (PT), filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), or fimbriae (Fim).

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of Bordetella pertussis clinical isolates collected across Europe during four study periods (1998-2015).
  • Quantification of pertactin (PRN)-deficient strains using ELISA to assess PRN, PT, FHA, and Fim2/Fim3 expression.
  • Correlation analysis between the frequency of PRN-deficient strains and the time since the introduction of acellular pertussis vaccines (ACVs) containing PRN.

Main Results:

  • The proportion of PRN-deficient Bordetella pertussis isolates significantly increased from 1.0% in 1998-2001 to 24.9% in 2012-2015.
  • Countries with longer histories of using acellular pertussis vaccines (ACVs) containing PRN exhibited higher frequencies of PRN-deficient strains.
  • No pertussis toxin (PT)- or filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA)-deficient isolates were detected; only one fimbriae (Fim)-deficient isolate was found.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest an evolutionary adaptation of Bordetella pertussis, leading to an increased circulation of PRN-deficient strains.
  • The duration of acellular pertussis vaccine (ACV) use, particularly those containing pertactin (PRN), appears to be a driving factor in the selection of PRN-deficient isolates.
  • Further research is needed to understand the implications of PRN-deficient strains on pertussis vaccine efficacy and public health strategies.
Keywords:
acellular vaccinepertactinpertussisvaccination, Europe

More Related Videos

Detection and Isolation of Circulating Melanoma Cells using Photoacoustic Flowmetry09:52

Detection and Isolation of Circulating Melanoma Cells using Photoacoustic Flowmetry

Published on: November 25, 2011

16.3K
Isolation of Circulating Tumor Cells in an Orthotopic Mouse Model of Colorectal Cancer06:19

Isolation of Circulating Tumor Cells in an Orthotopic Mouse Model of Colorectal Cancer

Published on: July 18, 2017

10.7K

Related Concept Videos

The Evidence for Evolution02:55

The Evidence for Evolution

Genetic variations accumulating within populations over generations give rise to biological evolution. Evolutionary changes can result in the formation of novel varieties and entire new species. These changes are responsible for the diverse forms of life inhabiting the planet. The evidence for evolution suggests that all living organisms descended from common ancestors.
48.0K
Increasing Function01:18

Increasing Function

An increasing function exhibits a rise in output values as input values increase. This behavior is depicted graphically as a curve or line that slopes upward from left to right. Such a function satisfies the condition that if x1 < x2, then f(x1) < f(x2), indicating that the function values grow with increasing inputs. This concept is fundamental in understanding growth trends across various domains, such as population dynamics, financial investments, or resource consumption.The...
389
Coronary Circulation01:21

Coronary Circulation

The heart, an organ critical to survival, gets nourishment not from the blood it pumps but from a separate circulation system known as coronary circulation. This is the shortest circulation in the body and is responsible for supplying the heart with the nutrients it needs to function effectively.
Coronary circulation begins at the base of the aorta, where two main arteries arise—the left and right coronary arteries. These arteries encircle the heart in the coronary sulcus and supply the...
7.1K
Fetal Circulation01:14

Fetal Circulation

Fetal circulation is a unique system that facilitates the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between the developing fetus and the mother. This intricate process takes place through a special organ called the placenta.
Two umbilical arteries transport blood from the fetus to the placenta. At the placenta, the blood absorbs oxygen and nutrients while simultaneously eliminating waste products. This oxygen-enriched and nutrient-rich blood then returns to the fetus through one...
2.8K
Increased Body Temperature01:25

Increased Body Temperature

A body temperature above  38°C  (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in...
7.5K
Increased pulse rate01:17

Increased pulse rate

Tachycardia is a condition marked by an abnormally fast or irregular heart rate, surpassing the typical resting rate. In adults, tachycardia is characterized by a pulse rate ranging from 100 to 180 beats per minute. The increased heart rate can result in inadequate blood flow to various body parts, ultimately diminishing the oxygen supply to organs and tissues.
Many factors can elevate the risk of developing tachycardia. These include advanced age, a family history of arrhythmias, and an...
1.2K