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Related Concept Videos

Entropy Change in Reversible Processes01:10

Entropy Change in Reversible Processes

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In the Carnot engine, which achieves the maximum efficiency between two reservoirs of fixed temperatures, the total change in entropy is zero. The observation can be generalized by considering any reversible cyclic process consisting of many Carnot cycles. Thus, it can be stated that the total entropy change of any ideal reversible cycle is zero.
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Solution Composition During Acid/Base Titrations01:17

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The titration of a weak acid with a strong base results in the formation of water and the conjugate base of the acid. For instance, titrating acetic acid with sodium hydroxide leads to the formation of water and sodium acetate. A solution of acetic acid and sodium acetate constitutes a buffer whose relative concentration at different stages of the titration is indicated by the α values, which represent percentages of the weak acid and its conjugate base.
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Polyprotic acids of the type H2M constitute two ionizable protons. As a result, on titration with a base, they exhibit two equivalence points in the titration curve. During titration, the species H2M, HM−, and M2− will be present in the solution at different points. The fractions of H2M, HM−, and M2− present at the various instances of the titration are denoted by α0, α1, and α2, respectively.
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Solution Formation02:16

Solution Formation

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There is no one solvent that can dissolve every type of solute. Some substances that readily dissolve in a certain solvent might be insoluble in a different solvent. A simple way to predict which substances dissolve in which solvent is the phrase "like dissolves like". This means that polar substances, such as salt and sugar, dissolve in a polar substance like water. In contrast, non-polar substances are more soluble in non-polar solvents such as carbon tetrachloride.
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Aggregate shape is classified based on the relative sharpness or roundness of the edges and corners. This classification includes categories like rounded, angular, elongated, and flaky, each with specific characteristics. Rounded aggregates, fully shaped by attrition, are typical of river or seashore gravel, while angular aggregates, such as crushed rock, have well-defined edges. Aggregates that are elongated and flaky are less desirable, as they can reduce the workability and strength of...
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General Properties of Solutions02:12

General Properties of Solutions

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Many common substances around us exist as a solution, such as ocean water, air, and gasoline. All solutions are mixtures of substances that are composed of varying amounts of two or more types of atoms or molecules. A mixture with a non-uniform composition is a heterogeneous mixture, whereas a mixture with a uniform composition is a homogeneous mixture. The components that make the homogeneous mixture are evenly spread out and thoroughly mixed. 
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Composition change-driven texturing and doping in solution-processed SnSe thermoelectric thin films.

Seung Hwae Heo1, Seungki Jo1, Hyo Seok Kim2

  • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.

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|February 22, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed highly textured, hole-doped tin selenide (SnSe) thin films using a solution process. These films achieve single-crystal-level thermoelectric performance, overcoming previous limitations in polycrystalline SnSe materials.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid State Physics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Single crystals of tin selenide (SnSe) exhibit high thermoelectric efficiency along the b-axis.
  • Achieving similar efficiencies in polycrystalline SnSe and thin films has been challenging due to poor texturing and doping difficulties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a method for synthesizing highly textured and hole-doped SnSe thin films with high thermoelectric performance.
  • To investigate the mechanism behind the texture formation in solution-processed SnSe thin films.

Main Methods:

  • Solution processing of SnSe thin films.
  • Utilizing a SnSe-based chalcogenidometallate precursor that decomposes to SnSe2.
  • Analyzing the phase transition from 2D SnSe2 to SnSe and its effect on film texture.

Main Results:

  • Highly textured and hole-doped SnSe thin films were successfully prepared.
  • The strong b-c plane texture originates from a 2D SnSe2 to SnSe phase transition.
  • The optimized SnSe thin films achieved a thermoelectric power factor of 4.27 μW cm⁻² K⁻².

Conclusions:

  • Solution processing enables the creation of highly textured SnSe thin films with thermoelectric properties comparable to single crystals.
  • The composition change-driven phase transition provides control over film composition and doping.
  • This approach overcomes previous limitations in polycrystalline SnSe thermoelectric materials.