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Kevin J Heltemes1, Kenneth R Pelletier, Andrea C Ippolito

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High-value, immediate incentives significantly boost employee participation in Personal Health Assessments (PHA) and biometric screenings. These findings highlight the impact of incentive design on health behavior engagement.

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Area of Science:

  • Health Behavior Research
  • Incentive Design Effectiveness
  • Employee Wellness Programs

Background:

  • Personal Health Assessments (PHA) and biometric screenings are crucial for employee wellness.
  • Understanding factors influencing participation is key to maximizing program impact.
  • Previous research suggests incentives can drive health behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify key predictors of completing a Personal Health Assessment (PHA) or biometric screening.
  • To analyze the impact of different incentive design attributes on participation rates.
  • To provide evidence-based recommendations for optimizing wellness program incentives.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study analyzed data from 426,694 employees across 56 employer groups in 2016.
  • Participants were required to complete a PHA or biometric screening for incentive eligibility.
  • Statistical analysis identified significant predictors of completion based on incentive design.

Main Results:

  • Incentive designs combining high monetary value with immediate disbursement increased PHA participation by 66% compared to low-value, delayed plans (56.7% vs 34.1%).
  • The surcharge component of incentives was a significant predictor of PHA completion (P < 0.001).
  • Similar significant predictors were observed for biometric screening completion.

Conclusions:

  • Monetary value, time to disbursement, disbursement method, and frequency are significant predictors of PHA and screening completion.
  • Findings align with established principles of behavioral economics and positive reinforcement.
  • Optimizing incentive design is critical for enhancing employee engagement in health assessments.