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[Intermittent tinnitus-an empirical description. German version].

M Burkart1, P Brueggemann2, A J Szczepek3

  • 1Dr. Willmar Schwabe GmbH & Co. KG, Ettlingen, Deutschland.

HNO
|February 24, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Intermittent tinnitus (IT) is the most common form, often triggered by stress. While IT can cause emotional distress, it typically doesn't lead to severe impairment, suggesting a potentially better prognosis than chronic tinnitus.

Keywords:
ClassificationHelp-seeking behaviorPsychological phenomenaSocial behaviorSociological factors

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Audiology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Tinnitus is commonly classified as acute or chronic, yet intermittent tinnitus (IT) is the most prevalent form.
  • Epidemiologic studies indicate IT does not fit neatly into existing acute or chronic categories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To empirically characterize intermittent tinnitus (IT).
  • To understand the prevalence, triggers, and associated symptoms of IT.

Main Methods:

  • An exploratory cross-sectional interview study was conducted with 320 tinnitus subjects.
  • Subjects were categorized into continuous (CT), intermittent (IT), or single-episode tinnitus (SET) based on 12-month experience.
  • Data collected included sociodemographics, tinnitus characteristics, complaints, triggers, and help-seeking behavior.

Main Results:

  • Intermittent tinnitus (IT) was reported by 62% of subjects, followed by single-episode tinnitus (SET) at 23% and continuous tinnitus (CT) at 16%.
  • Leading triggers for IT were occupational and private stress; episodes commonly lasted days to weeks, with a mean frequency of every 7 weeks.
  • While IT subjects showed comparable help-seeking behavior to CT subjects, they had lower prevalence of asthenia, depression, social isolation, psychiatric, and inner ear disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Intermittent tinnitus (IT) is linked to emotional reactions and situational impairment, prompting treatment attempts but usually not severe disability.
  • Inner ear disorders and psychological changes are less common in IT compared to CT, potentially indicating a better treatment response and prognosis.
  • A proposed classification includes acute single-episode (<3 months), intermittent, and chronic persistent (>3 months) tinnitus.