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The intricate hormonal interplay essential for male reproductive health begins with the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) by the hypothalamus. This hormone prompts the pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). LH targets the Leydig cells in the testes, stimulating them to produce and release testosterone. In concert with testosterone, FSH acts on the Sertoli cells within the seminiferous tubules to facilitate the release of...
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Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Renal Capsule Xenografting and Subcutaneous Pellet Implantation for the Evaluation of Prostate Carcinogenesis and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
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Testosterone and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.

Giulia Rastrelli1, Linda Vignozzi2, Giovanni Corona3

  • 1Sexual Medicine and Andrology Unit Department of Experimental Clinical and Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy.

Sexual Medicine Reviews
|February 27, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Low testosterone levels, not high, may contribute to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Treating hypogonadism could alleviate BPH and related prostate inflammation.

Keywords:
AndrogensBenign prostatic hyperplasiaDyslipidemiaInflammationMetabolic syndromeTestosterone

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Endocrinology
  • Men's Health

Background:

  • Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are common in aging men.
  • The exact causes of BPH remain largely unknown.
  • Historically, high testosterone was suspected to cause BPH, but recent evidence suggests otherwise.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on BPH pathogenesis.
  • To investigate the role of testosterone (T) in BPH.
  • To explore connections between BPH and metabolic impairments.

Main Methods:

  • Extensive literature search in Medline using keywords related to testosterone and BPH.
  • Included preclinical and clinical studies.
  • No limitations on publication date or study design.

Main Results:

  • Prostate inflammation is a key factor in BPH development.
  • Metabolic factors like dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome (MetS) can trigger prostate inflammation.
  • Low testosterone and hyperestrogenism, often seen in MetS, may promote prostate inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • Testosterone is not detrimental to the prostate.
  • Treating hypogonadism may relieve LUTS.
  • Treating hypogonadism could reduce prostate inflammation associated with BPH.