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An Innovative Running Wheel-based Mechanism for Improved Rat Training Performance

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Extrapolating Metabolic Savings in Running: Implications for Performance Predictions.

Shalaya Kipp^1,2, Rodger Kram¹, Wouter Hoogkamer¹

¹Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States.

Frontiers in Physiology

|February 27, 2019

Summary

Improvements in running economy (RE) can significantly boost running performance. A 3% RE improvement at world-class marathon pace can result in a nearly 2% faster time, potentially breaking world records.

Keywords:

energetic cost locomotion marathon oxygen uptake running economy

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Area of Science:

Exercise Physiology
Biomechanics
Sports Science

Background:

Factors like training, footwear, nutrition, and drafting improve running economy (RE).
The quantitative link between RE improvements and actual running performance gains is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify how metabolic savings from improved running economy translate into faster running performance.
To analyze the impact of the oxygen uptake-velocity relationship and air resistance on performance.

Main Methods:

Compilation and comparison of five existing oxygen uptake-velocity relationship equations.
Analysis of the non-linear relationship between oxygen uptake and velocity across various speeds.
Modeling the translation of RE improvements into velocity changes, considering air resistance.

Main Results:

At speeds below ~3 m/s, percent velocity improvement slightly exceeds percent RE improvement.
At speeds above ~3 m/s, percent velocity improvement is less than percent RE improvement.
At 5.5 m/s (world-class marathon pace), a 3% RE improvement yields a 1.97% increase in velocity, equating to a 2:01:36 marathon time.

Conclusions:

Metabolic savings from improved running economy have a direct, quantifiable impact on running performance.
The non-linear oxygen uptake-velocity relationship means performance gains are speed-dependent.
Even small RE improvements can lead to significant performance enhancements at elite levels.