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Brain Iron Accumulation in Atypical Parkinsonian Syndromes: in vivo MRI Evidences for Distinctive Patterns

Jae-Hyeok Lee1, Myung-Sik Lee2

  • 1Department of Neurology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, South Korea.

Frontiers in Neurology
|February 28, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Iron accumulation in the brain is linked to Parkinson's disease (PD) and atypical parkinsonian syndromes (APS). Iron-sensitive MRI reveals distinct brain iron patterns, aiding in diagnosing these neurodegenerative conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Perturbed iron homeostasis, oxidative stress, and protein aggregation are implicated in neurodegenerative diseases.
  • Iron overload and toxicity contribute to Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis.
  • Brain iron accumulation is observed in atypical parkinsonian syndromes (APS), including multiple system atrophy (MSA) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize findings from MRI studies on brain iron accumulation in APS.
  • To identify disease-specific patterns of iron deposition in APS.
  • To explore the potential role of iron-sensitive MRI in diagnosing and differentiating APS.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of qualitative and quantitative MRI studies.
  • Analysis of topographic patterns of iron deposition in deep brain nuclei.
  • Correlation of iron accumulation with disease-specific pathologies.

Main Results:

  • Distinct topographic patterns of iron deposition differentiate MSA and PSP from PD.
  • Disease-specific increases in brain iron occur in affected regions.
  • Iron-sensitive MRI can identify signal changes related to iron accumulation.

Conclusions:

  • Brain iron accumulation patterns vary among PD and APS, suggesting diagnostic utility for iron-sensitive MRI.
  • The precise role of iron changes (primary factor vs. epiphenomenon) in APS pathogenesis requires further investigation.
  • Clinical implications of iron-related pathology in APS warrant further study.
Keywords:
atypical parkinsonian syndromesironmagnetic resonance imagingmultiple system atrophyneurodegenerationprogressive supranuclear palsy

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