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Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Isolation and Culture of Primary Retinal Müller Cells from Sprague-Dawley (SD) Rats
Published on: June 17, 2025
Attenuation of periostin in retinal Müller glia by TNF-α and IFN-γ
Ying-Qian Peng1,2, Man-Jing Cao1,2, Shigeo Yoshida3,4
1Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China.
Aim:
To investigate the regulation and mechanisms of periostin expression in retinal Müller glia, and to explore the relevance to retinal neovascularization.
Methods:
The oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mouse model and the human Moorfield/Institute of Ophthalmology-Müller 1 (MIO-M1) cell line were used in the study. Immunofluorescence staining was used to determine the distribution and expression of periostin and a Müller glial cell marker glutamine synthetase (GS). Cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ were added to stimulate the MIO-M1 cells. ShRNA was used to knockdown periostin expression in MIO-M1 cells. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was conducted to assess the mRNA expression of periostin.
Results:
Immunofluorescence staining showed that periostin was expressed by MIO-M1 Müller glia. GS-positive Müller glia and periostin increased in OIR retinas, and were partially overlaid. The stimulation of TNF-α and IFN-γ reduced the mRNA expression of periostin significantly and dose-dependently in MIO-M1 cells. Knockdown of periostin reduced mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) in MIO-M1 cells, while VEGFA expression was not changed in periostin knock-out OIR retinas.
Conclusion:
Müller glia could be one of the main sources of periostin in the retina, and might contribute to the pathogenesis of retinal neovascularization. Proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ attenuate the periostin expression in retinal Müller glia, which provides a potential and novel method in treating retinal neovascular diseases.
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