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Validating camera trap distance sampling for chimpanzees.

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Camera trap distance sampling (CTDS) provides accurate abundance estimates for semiarboreal chimpanzees. Accounting for detection availability is crucial for reliable results with this method.

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Area of Science:

  • Wildlife ecology
  • Population dynamics
  • Conservation biology

Background:

  • Distance sampling methods are being adapted for camera trap data to monitor species remotely.
  • Quantifying animal availability for detection is a challenge, especially for arboreal species.
  • Camera trap distance sampling (CTDS) offers a potential solution for monitoring species like primates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To validate CTDS for estimating the abundance of semiarboreal western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus).
  • To compare CTDS estimates with those from spatially explicit capture-recapture (SECR) and line transect nest surveys.
  • To evaluate the bias, precision, cost, and effort of CTDS for primate population monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Camera trap distance sampling (CTDS) was applied to estimate chimpanzee abundance.
  • Limited availability for detection due to semi-arboreal behavior was incorporated into the CTDS model.
  • Abundance estimates were compared against known population size and results from SECR and line transect surveys.

Main Results:

  • CTDS and SECR yielded similar, negligible bias in abundance estimates.
  • CTDS showed a higher coefficient of variation (39.70%) compared to SECR (1-19%).
  • Line transects produced the most biased estimates but had a better coefficient of variation (27.40-27.85%) than CTDS, though CTDS was less costly and time-consuming in the field.

Conclusions:

  • CTDS can produce unbiased abundance estimates for semiarboreal species like chimpanzees.
  • Accurate estimation requires accounting for species-specific availability for detection, derivable from activity patterns.
  • CTDS presents a viable, cost-effective method for monitoring primate populations remotely.