Tumorigenic Agrobacterium sp. Isolated from Weeping Fig in Spain
R Penyalver1, J J Sánchez1, A Petit2
1Departamento de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Apartado oficial, 46113 Moncada, Valencia, Spain.
Plant Disease
|March 1, 2019
Summary
This study reports the first isolation of tumorigenic Agrobacterium species from weeping fig plants in Spain. These isolates, distinct from previously described strains, utilize nopaline and are susceptible to agrocin 84.
Area of Science:
- Plant Pathology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Aerial gall disease, caused by Agrobacterium species, affects weeping fig (Ficus benjamina L.).
- Previous isolations of tumorigenic Agrobacterium from weeping figs have been reported in the United States, Italy, and the Netherlands.
Purpose of the Study:
- To isolate and characterize Agrobacterium species from galled weeping fig plants in Spain.
- To compare Spanish isolates with previously identified strains based on biochemical and genetic markers.
Main Methods:
- Isolation of Agrobacterium-like colonies on Roy-Sasser's medium.
- Biochemical characterization including biovar classification, enzyme production, and growth tests.
- Opine utilization tests and susceptibility to agrocin 84.
- Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the tmr gene.
Main Results:
- Five tumorigenic Agrobacterium isolates and one nonpathogenic isolate were recovered from a weeping fig tumor in Spain.
- The tumorigenic isolates did not fit known Agrobacterium biovars and utilized only nopaline.
- All isolates were susceptible to agrocin 84, and PCR confirmed the presence of the tmr gene.
- Spanish isolates showed distinct characteristics compared to US-described strains, particularly in l-tartaric acid metabolism and agrocin 84 susceptibility.
Conclusions:
- The isolated tumorigenic Agrobacterium strains from Spain represent a novel group, potentially a new species, distinct from those previously reported.
- These findings contribute to understanding the diversity of Agrobacterium causing aerial gall disease in Ficus benjamina.
- This is the first report of tumorigenic Agrobacterium isolation from Ficus benjamina L. in Spain.
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