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First Report of Raspberry bushy dwarf virus in Rubus multibracteatus from China.

C J Chamberlain1, J Kraus2, P D Kohnen1

  • 1Oregon State University, Corvallis. 97331.

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A new strain of Raspberry Bushy Dwarf Virus (RBDV) was identified in Rubus multibracteatus from China. This unique RBDV strain, RBDV-China, shows significant genetic differences from other known RBDV strains.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Raspberry Bushy Dwarf Virus (RBDV) is a significant pathogen affecting commercial Rubus species globally.
  • RBDV infection leads to reduced plant vigor, drupelet abortion, crumbly fruit, and decreased yields.
  • Rubus germplasm was collected from China to enhance diversity in the USDA-ARS National Clonal Germplasm Repository.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize a novel Raspberry Bushy Dwarf Virus (RBDV) isolate from Rubus multibracteatus collected in China.
  • To determine if the detected RBDV was a contaminant or a seedborne virus.
  • To analyze the genetic divergence and serological properties of the new RBDV strain.

Main Methods:

  • Triple-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (TAS-ELISA) for initial virus detection.
  • Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to amplify the coat protein gene of RBDV.
  • Direct sequencing and cloning of PCR products for genetic analysis and comparison with known RBDV strains.
  • Serological testing using monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to differentiate the new strain.

Main Results:

  • A symptomless plant of Rubus multibracteatus from China tested positive for RBDV (termed RBDV-China).
  • The coat protein gene sequence of RBDV-China showed 87.5% nucleotide and 91.6% amino acid identity to a known RBDV isolate, indicating a unique strain.
  • Monoclonal antibodies D1, R2, and R5 differentiated RBDV-China, with D1 failing to detect it, marking the first strain distinguished by MAbs in TAS-ELISA.
  • This is the first report of RBDV in Rubus multibracteatus and the first occurrence of RBDV identified in China.

Conclusions:

  • RBDV-China represents a distinct and divergent strain of Raspberry Bushy Dwarf Virus.
  • The identification of this new strain in Rubus multibracteatus from China expands the known host range and geographical distribution of RBDV.
  • Phylogenetic analysis of coat protein genes is valuable for understanding the evolution and spread of RBDV strains.