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Processing and coating of open-pored absorbable magnesium-based bone implants.

Stefan Julmi1, Ann-Kathrin Krüger2, Anja-Christina Waselau3

  • 1Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institut für Werkstoffkunde (Materials Science), An der Universität 2, Garbsen 30823, Germany.

Materials Science & Engineering. C, Materials for Biological Applications
|March 1, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Biodegradable magnesium implants with open pores were developed for bone repair. The LAE442 alloy demonstrated superior strength and castability, making it ideal for creating effective bone regeneration scaffolds.

Keywords:
Biocompatible magnesium alloysCoatingInvestment castingMagnesium spongesResorbable implants

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Orthopedic Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Large bone defects necessitate implants or transplants, with resorbable implants offering a single-surgery advantage over autografts.
  • Porous implant structures are crucial for promoting bone ingrowth and integration.
  • Magnesium alloys LAE442 and La2 are investigated for their biocompatibility and bone-like mechanical properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop open-pored biodegradable implant structures with tailored pore sizes.
  • To achieve adequate degradation behavior and mechanical properties matching bone.
  • To evaluate magnesium alloys for bone regeneration applications.

Main Methods:

  • Casting of magnesium alloys (LAE442 and La2) into open-pored sponges with varying pore sizes.
  • Mechanical testing of cast sponges and dense alloy parts.
  • Coating magnesium sponges with calcium phosphate and polylactic acid.
  • In-vitro testing of degradation behavior and adhesive forces of coatings.

Main Results:

  • LAE442 alloy allowed casting of sponges with diverse pore sizes, while MgLa2 produced minimum 0.5 mm pores.
  • LAE442 alloy sponges exhibited higher strength compared to MgLa2, despite similar dense part strengths.
  • LAE442 demonstrated superior castability and mechanical performance for implant applications.
  • Coating influenced degradation behavior and adhesive forces, indicating potential for tailored implant performance.

Conclusions:

  • The LAE442 magnesium alloy is a promising material for developing biodegradable bone implants due to its favorable mechanical properties and castability.
  • Tailoring pore size and surface coatings can optimize implant degradation and bone ingrowth.
  • Further research into coated LAE442 magnesium sponges could lead to improved treatments for bone defects.